LE_4.1: Genetics Flashcard

Front

What is a Punnett square?

Back

A Punnett square is a diagram used to predict the outcome of a genetic cross by showing the possible combinations of alleles from the parents.

Front

What does homozygous mean?

Back

Homozygous refers to having two identical alleles for a particular gene, such as AA or aa.

Front

What does heterozygous mean?

Back

Heterozygous refers to having two different alleles for a particular gene, such as Aa.

Front

What is a dominant trait?

Back

A dominant trait is one that is expressed in the phenotype even when only one copy of the allele is present.

Front

What is a recessive trait?

Back

A recessive trait is one that is only expressed in the phenotype when two copies of the allele are present.

Front

What are alleles?

Back

Alleles are different versions of a gene that can exist at a specific locus on a chromosome.

Front

What is the significance of multiple alleles in genetics?

Back

Multiple alleles refer to the presence of more than two alleles for a genetic trait within a population, allowing for a variety of phenotypes.

Front

What is the expected percentage of offspring that are homozygous dominant from a cross between a homozygous dominant and a heterozygous parent?

Back

50% of the offspring will be homozygous dominant.

Front

What is the expected percentage of offspring that are purebred dominant from a cross between a homozygous dominant and a heterozygous parent?

Back

50% of the offspring will be purebred dominant.

Front

How do you determine the genotype of an organism?

Back

The genotype of an organism can be determined by examining its alleles, which can be inferred from its phenotype or through genetic testing.