Participle clauses (C1)

Front

What is a participle clause?

Back

A participle clause is a type of subordinate clause that uses a participle (present or past) to provide additional information about the main clause.

Front

What is the function of a present participle in a participle clause?

Back

The present participle (verb+ing) indicates an ongoing action or a simultaneous action with the main verb.

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What is the function of a past participle in a participle clause?

Back

The past participle (usually the third form of the verb) indicates a completed action or a passive meaning.

Front

Example of a participle clause using a present participle:

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"Running down the street, she tripped over a stone."

Front

Example of a participle clause using a past participle:

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"The book written by the author became a bestseller."

Front

What is the structure of a participle clause?

Back

A participle clause typically starts with a participle and can be followed by a subject, but it often omits the subject when it is the same as the main clause.

Front

How can participle clauses be used to show cause and effect?

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Participle clauses can indicate cause by showing the reason for the action in the main clause, e.g., "Having studied hard, she passed the exam."

Front

What is the difference between 'having been' and 'being' in participle clauses?

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'Having been' indicates a completed action before the main verb, while 'being' indicates an ongoing action.

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How do you form a participle clause from the sentence: 'She was tired'?

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You can form it as 'Being tired, she decided to rest.'

Front

What is an example of a participle clause that modifies a noun?

Back

"The car parked outside is mine." (Here, 'parked' modifies 'the car.')