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Front

What is a dominant allele?

Back

A dominant allele is an allele that expresses its trait even when only one copy is present in the genotype. It is represented by a capital letter.

Front

What is a recessive allele?

Back

A recessive allele is an allele that only expresses its trait when two copies are present in the genotype. It is represented by a lowercase letter.

Front

What is a genotype?

Back

A genotype is the genetic makeup of an organism, represented by the alleles it possesses (e.g., Aa, DD, bB).

Front

What is a phenotype?

Back

A phenotype is the physical appearance or observable characteristics of an organism, determined by its genotype.

Front

What does homozygous mean?

Back

Homozygous refers to having two identical alleles for a particular gene (e.g., AA or aa).

Front

What does heterozygous mean?

Back

Heterozygous refers to having two different alleles for a particular gene (e.g., Aa).

Front

What is the purpose of a Punnett square?

Back

A Punnett square is a diagram used to predict the genotypes and phenotypes of offspring from a genetic cross.

Front

What is the expected genotype ratio from a monohybrid cross of two heterozygous parents (Aa x Aa)?

Back

The expected genotype ratio is 1 AA : 2 Aa : 1 aa.

Front

What is the expected phenotype ratio from a monohybrid cross of two heterozygous parents (Aa x Aa)?

Back

The expected phenotype ratio is 3 dominant : 1 recessive.

Front

What is the significance of the dominant allele in a heterozygous genotype?

Back

In a heterozygous genotype, the dominant allele masks the effect of the recessive allele in the phenotype.