Biology FLASHCARD#1 Molecular biology

Front

What are the four nitrogenous bases found in DNA and RNA?

Back

Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Cytosine (C), Guanine (G) for DNA; Adenine (A), Uracil (U), Cytosine (C), Guanine (G) for RNA.

Front

What is the basic unit of life?

Back

A cell.

Front

What is the role of DNA in living organisms?

Back

DNA stores and transmits genetic information from one generation to another.

Front

What does DNA stand for?

Back

Deoxyribonucleic Acid.

Front

What is RNA and its primary function?

Back

Ribonucleic Acid; it plays a role in protein synthesis and carries genetic information.

Front

What are nucleotides?

Back

The building blocks of nucleic acids (DNA and RNA), consisting of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.

Front

How do DNA and RNA differ in structure?

Back

DNA is double-stranded and contains thymine, while RNA is single-stranded and contains uracil.

Front

What is the function of ribosomes in a cell?

Back

Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis.

Front

What is the process of transcription?

Back

The process by which the information in a strand of DNA is copied into a new molecule of mRNA.

Front

What is the process of translation?

Back

The process by which ribosomes synthesize proteins using the information carried by mRNA.