Bone Structure and Function Concepts

Front

What is the main function of osteoblasts?

Back

Build new bone

Front

Which part of compact bone acts like a “VIP elevator,” carrying nutrients through the bone?

Back

Central canal

Front

Which hormone causes osteoclasts to break down bone to release calcium into the bloodstream?

Back

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Front

What is the biggest difference between compact and spongy bone?

Back

Compact bone is dense and organized, while spongy bone is porous with open spaces.

Front

Which type of muscle is found only in the heart?

Back

Cardiac

Front

In a muscle cell, which organelle stores and releases calcium for contraction?

Back

Sarcoplasmic reticulum

Front

What happens at the neuromuscular junction (NMJ)?

Back

A neuron sends acetylcholine (ACh) to tell the muscle to contract

Front

Which type of muscle fiber is best for long-distance running? Options: Fast-twitch (white, glycolytic), Slow-twitch (red, oxidative), Hybrid-twitch, None—muscles don’t affect endurance

Back

Slow-twitch (red, oxidative)

Front

What is the correct order of the cross-bridge cycle? Myosin binds to actin → Myosin pulls actin → ATP attaches → Myosin releases, Myosin binds to actin → Myosin pulls actin → ATP attaches → Myosin releases, ATP attaches → Myosin binds to actin → Myosin pulls actin → Myosin releases, Myosin releases → ATP attaches → Myosin binds to actin → Myosin pulls actin

Back

Myosin binds to actin → Myosin pulls actin → ATP attaches → Myosin releases

Front

What is the function of Schwann cells?

Back

Produce myelin in the PNS and help repair damaged nerves