Science 10 - Fourth Quarter Exam (Part 1)

Front

What is a codon?

Back

A codon is a triplet code of three nucleotides that corresponds to a specific amino acid or stop signal during protein synthesis, found on mRNA.

Front

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where proteins are synthesized.

Front

What is a gene?

Back

A gene is a distinct portion of DNA that contains the instructions for an inherited trait.

Front

What are the four nitrogenous bases of DNA?

Back

The four nitrogenous bases of DNA are adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine.

Front

What is DNA replication?

Back

DNA replication is the process by which a cell makes an exact copy of its DNA, ensuring that each new cell has the same genetic material.

Front

What is transcription?

Back

Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA, specifically mRNA, which then carries the genetic information to the ribosome.

Front

What is translation?

Back

Translation is the process by which ribosomes synthesize proteins using the information carried by mRNA.

Front

What is the complementary DNA strand for TTA TCG?

Back

The complementary DNA strand for TTA TCG is AAT AGC.

Front

What is the function of tRNA?

Back

tRNA (transfer RNA) is responsible for bringing the correct amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis, matching them to the codons on the mRNA.

Front

What is a chromosome?

Back

A chromosome is a long, continuous thread of DNA that contains many genes and is found in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells.