Relative clauses C1 test

A relative clause is a dependent clause that modifies a noun and usually begins with a relative pronoun such as 'who', 'which', or 'that'.

The relative pronoun 'who' is used to refer to people in relative clauses.

The relative pronoun 'which' is used to refer to animals or things in relative clauses.

The relative pronoun 'that' can refer to people, animals, or things and is often used in restrictive relative clauses.

A restrictive relative clause provides essential information about the noun it modifies and is not set off by commas.

A non-restrictive relative clause adds extra information about a noun but is not essential to the meaning of the sentence and is set off by commas.

A non-restrictive relative clause is punctuated with commas before and after the clause.

The book that I borrowed from you is fascinating.

My brother, who lives in New York, is visiting us next week.

'Which' is used in non-restrictive clauses and is preceded by a comma, while 'that' is used in restrictive clauses without a comma.