LC 6 CFA 2 Review - the cell cycle and cancer

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What is the cell cycle?

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The cell cycle is the series of phases that a cell goes through to grow and divide, including interphase (G1, S, G2) and mitotic phase (M).

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Define DNA mutation.

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A DNA mutation is a change in the nucleotide sequence of an organism's DNA, which can lead to changes in protein function and potentially result in diseases like cancer.

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What role does apoptosis play in cancer prevention?

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Apoptosis is the process of programmed cell death that eliminates damaged or abnormal cells, preventing them from becoming cancerous.

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What is the relationship between DNA mutations and cancer?

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DNA mutations can disrupt normal cell functions, leading to uncontrolled cell growth and cancer.

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What is contact inhibition?

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Contact inhibition is a regulatory mechanism that stops cells from dividing when they come into contact with other cells.

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How do tumor suppressor genes function?

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Tumor suppressor genes help regulate cell division and can prevent the formation of tumors by stopping cells from dividing uncontrollably.

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What is the significance of T cells in cancer treatment?

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T cells can be modified to recognize and attack cancerous cells, making them a potential tool for immunotherapy.

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How can studying cancer in animals like sea lions help human cancer research?

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Research on cancer in sea lions can reveal shared risk factors and mechanisms that may also apply to humans, aiding in cancer prevention and treatment.

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What is the G1 checkpoint in the cell cycle?

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The G1 checkpoint is a control point where the cell assesses its size, DNA integrity, and environmental conditions before proceeding to DNA synthesis.

Front

Define apoptosis.

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Apoptosis is a form of programmed cell death that occurs in multicellular organisms, allowing for the removal of damaged or unnecessary cells.