Memory Concepts and Theories

Front

Encoding

Back

The process of converting information into a form that can be stored in memory.

Front

Storage

Back

The retention of encoded information over time.

Front

Retrieval

Back

The process of accessing and bringing stored information into consciousness.

Front

Selective attention

Back

Focusing on specific stimuli while ignoring others to encode information effectively.

Front

Sensory memory

Back

The initial, brief storage of sensory information.

Front

Short-term memory (STM)

Back

A temporary storage system that holds information for a short period.

Front

Long-term memory (LTM)

Back

A storage system that retains information for extended periods.

Front

Multi-store model

Back

A model by Atkinson & Shiffrin (1968) that describes memory as consisting of sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory.

Front

Central executive

Back

The component of Baddeley and Hitch’s (1974) model of working memory that controls attention and coordinates activities.

Front

Phonological loop

Back

A component of working memory that processes verbal and auditory information.