Molecular Biology (DNA & RNA)

Front

Which nitrogenous base is found in RNA but not in DNA?

Back

Uracil

Front

Describe the role of hydrogen bonds in the structure of DNA.

Back

They hold the two strands of the DNA double helix together.

Front

Explain what happens in the process of DNA replication.

Back

DNA is copied to produce two identical DNA molecules.

Front

What is the role of helicase in DNA replication?

Back

It unwinds the DNA double helix.

Front

What is a codon and what is its significance in protein synthesis?

Back

A sequence of three nucleotides in mRNA that specifies an amino acid.

Front

What is the significance of the phosphate and sugar backbone in nucleic acids?

Back

It forms the structural framework of nucleic acids.

Front

Identify the base pairing rules in DNA.

Back

Adenine pairs with thymine, and cytosine pairs with guanine.

Front

What is a mutation, and how can it affect an organism?

Back

A mutation is a change in the DNA sequence that can lead to genetic diversity or disease.

Front

Explain the process of translation in protein synthesis.

Back

RNA is used to synthesize proteins by assembling amino acids.

Front

How does a mutation in a codon affect protein synthesis?

Back

It may change the amino acid sequence, potentially altering protein function.