Biology EOC Review #3

Front

What do the letters A, T, G, and C represent in DNA?

Back

Nitrogenous bases.

Front

What is the base sequence of the complementary mRNA strand for the DNA sequence GCA ACT CGT TAG?

Back

CGU UGA GCA AUC.

Front

What does significant genetic similarity between two bird species suggest about their evolutionary history?

Back

They share a common ancestor and diverged from a single lineage.

Front

How do you translate the DNA segment CTA—GCA—GAA into an amino acid sequence?

Back

Aspartic Acid—Arginine—Leucine.

Front

What role do predators play in regulating prey populations in an ecosystem?

Back

The presence of predators helps regulate prey populations, preventing overpopulation and maintaining ecological balance.

Front

Define nitrogenous bases in the context of DNA.

Back

Nitrogenous bases are the building blocks of DNA, consisting of adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G), and cytosine (C).

Front

What is the process of transcription in protein synthesis?

Back

Transcription is the process where the DNA sequence is copied into mRNA.

Front

What is the significance of complementary base pairing in DNA?

Back

Complementary base pairing ensures accurate DNA replication and transcription, with A pairing with T and G pairing with C.

Front

Explain the concept of natural selection.

Back

Natural selection is the process where organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring.

Front

What is a codon?

Back

A codon is a sequence of three nucleotides in mRNA that corresponds to a specific amino acid.