AP Biology Unit 7: Natural Selection Review

Front

What is the frequency of the dominant allele if a recessive disorder affects 1 in 500 live births?

Back

0.9553

Front

What is the difference between allopatric and sympatric speciation?

Back

Allopatric - populations are geographically separated; Sympatric - populations live together but are reproductively isolated.

Front

How does genetic drift usually affect a population?

Back

Usually it decreases the genetic variation of the population.

Front

What are the two types of genetic drift commonly seen?

Back

Founder effect and bottleneck effect.

Front

In a population of mice, if brown fur (B) is dominant over white fur (b) and the frequency of the B allele is 0.7, what percentage of the mice would have white fur?

Back

9%.

Front

Define natural selection.

Back

Natural selection is the process where organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring.

Front

What is the Hardy-Weinberg principle?

Back

The Hardy-Weinberg principle states that allele and genotype frequencies in a population will remain constant from generation to generation in the absence of evolutionary influences.

Front

What factors can lead to evolution?

Back

Factors include natural selection, genetic drift, mutation, and gene flow.

Front

What is the founder effect?

Back

The founder effect occurs when a small group of individuals becomes isolated from a larger population, leading to reduced genetic diversity.

Front

What is the bottleneck effect?

Back

The bottleneck effect occurs when a population's size is significantly reduced for at least one generation, leading to a loss of genetic diversity.