Final Test - Genetic Variation

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What is genetic variation?

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Genetic variation refers to the differences in DNA sequences among individuals within a population, which can lead to different traits.

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What are alleles?

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Alleles are different versions of a gene that determine specific traits, such as color or size.

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What does it mean if an allele is dominant?

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A dominant allele is one that expresses its trait even when only one copy is present (e.g., AA or Aa).

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What does it mean if an allele is recessive?

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A recessive allele only expresses its trait when two copies are present (e.g., aa).

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What is a genotype?

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A genotype is the genetic makeup of an individual, represented by the combination of alleles (e.g., AA, Aa, aa).

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What is a phenotype?

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A phenotype is the observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism, determined by its genotype.

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What is a Punnett square?

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A Punnett square is a diagram used to predict the outcome of a genetic cross by showing the possible combinations of alleles.

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What is the probability of inheriting a trait?

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The probability of inheriting a trait can be calculated using ratios from a Punnett square.

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What is the significance of the CC genotype in color genes?

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The CC genotype indicates that the individual has two dominant alleles, which typically results in a dominant phenotype.

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How do random combinations of alleles contribute to genetic variation?

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Random combinations of alleles from each parent create unique genotypes in offspring, leading to diverse traits.