Unit 6 Review: Meiosis and Heredity

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What is meiosis?

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Meiosis is a type of cell division that reduces the chromosome number by half, resulting in four genetically diverse gametes (sperm or eggs).

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What is heredity?

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Heredity is the passing of traits from parent to offspring.

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What is a sex-linked trait?

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A sex-linked trait is a trait associated with a gene that is carried only by the male or female parent, often located on the X or Y chromosome.

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What does homozygous recessive mean?

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Homozygous recessive refers to having two identical alleles for a trait that are both recessive (e.g., 'dd').

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What is an allele?

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An allele is a different form of a gene that can exist at a specific locus on a chromosome.

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How many chromosomes are in a butterfly egg if the body cell has 24 chromosomes?

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A butterfly egg would contain 12 chromosomes.

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What is the difference between genotype and phenotype?

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Genotype refers to the genetic makeup of an organism, while phenotype refers to the observable traits or characteristics.

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What is a dominant trait?

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A dominant trait is a trait that will appear in the phenotype even if only one allele is present.

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What is a recessive trait?

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A recessive trait is a trait that will only appear in the phenotype if two recessive alleles are present.

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What is the purpose of meiosis?

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The purpose of meiosis is to produce gametes for sexual reproduction, ensuring genetic diversity.