Metabolism and Nutrition Flashcard

Front

What type of reaction releases chemical energy from organic molecules?

Back

Catabolic reactions break down larger molecules into smaller ones, releasing energy in the process.

Front

What does ketosis mean?

Back

Ketosis is a metabolic state characterized by high levels of ketone bodies in the blood, often due to low glucose availability.

Front

What is the main fat storage form in the body?

Back

Triglycerides are the primary form of fat storage, consisting of three fatty acids attached to a glycerol backbone.

Front

What does the phrase 'Fat burns in the flame of carbohydrate' imply?

Back

This means that carbohydrates are necessary for the complete oxidation of fats; specifically, pyruvate is needed to produce oxaloacetate for the Krebs cycle.

Front

What happens when there is an excess of Acetyl CoA?

Back

Excess Acetyl CoA can lead to the production of ketone bodies, which are used as an alternative energy source.

Front

Define metabolism.

Back

Metabolism encompasses all chemical reactions in the body that convert food into energy and building blocks for growth.

Front

What are anabolic reactions?

Back

Anabolic reactions are metabolic pathways that construct molecules from smaller units, requiring energy input.

Front

What role do ketone bodies play in metabolism?

Back

Ketone bodies serve as an alternative energy source during periods of low carbohydrate availability, such as fasting.

Front

What is the significance of pyruvate in metabolism?

Back

Pyruvate is a key intermediate in several metabolic pathways, including glycolysis and the Krebs cycle.

Front

What is the function of insulin in metabolism?

Back

Insulin regulates glucose levels in the blood and promotes the storage of glucose as glycogen in the liver and muscles.