Anatomy and Physiology 1: Final Exam Review

Front

What is the neuromuscular junction?

Back

The neuromuscular junction is the synapse or connection point where a motor neuron meets a muscle cell, allowing for the transmission of signals that trigger muscle contraction.

Front

What is the primary function of the vertebral body?

Back

The vertebral body serves as the weight-bearing portion of the vertebra, providing support and stability to the spine.

Front

Which vertebra allows for the nodding motion of the head?

Back

The Atlas (C1) vertebra allows for the nodding motion of the head, enabling the 'yes' movement.

Front

What is the sarcolemma?

Back

The sarcolemma is the muscle cell membrane that surrounds each muscle fiber, playing a crucial role in muscle contraction and signal transmission.

Front

What type of muscle is skeletal muscle?

Back

Skeletal muscle is a type of striated muscle that is attached to the skeleton and is responsible for voluntary movements.

Front

What is the role of the mitochondria in muscle cells?

Back

Mitochondria in muscle cells are responsible for producing ATP through aerobic respiration, providing energy for muscle contractions.

Front

What is the function of myofibrils in muscle cells?

Back

Myofibrils are the contractile units within muscle cells that contain the actin and myosin filaments responsible for muscle contraction.

Front

What is the difference between cardiac and skeletal muscle?

Back

Cardiac muscle is involuntary and striated, found only in the heart, while skeletal muscle is voluntary and striated, attached to bones.

Front

What is the role of the spinal canal?

Back

The spinal canal is the passageway through which the spinal cord runs, protected by the vertebrae.

Front

What is the function of smooth muscle?

Back

Smooth muscle is involuntary muscle found in the walls of hollow organs, responsible for movements such as peristalsis in the digestive tract.