English Middle Eastern History Flashcards

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Arab-Israeli Conflict

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A series of wars and tensions in the Middle East that started when Israel was founded in 1948.

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Kemal Atatürk

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First president of modern Turkey (1923-1938). He modernized and westernized Turkey's economy and customs.

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Balfour Declaration

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A letter from British Lord Balfour promising to establish a national home for Jewish people in Palestine

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Fundamentalism

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Strictly following basic beliefs.

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Holocaust

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Genocide of six million Jews by Nazi Germany

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Iranian Revolution

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The overthrow of Iran's Shah Reza Pahlavi in 1979 by Ayatollah Khomeini, partly in response to Western influence in Iran.

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Israelis

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People living in Israel, usually refers to Jewish population.

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Ayatollah Khomeini

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A Shi’ite Muslim leader who led the Iranian Revolution, creating a fundamentalist Islamic regime.

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Modernization

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Changing a nation's economy from agriculture-based to industrialized, including improvements in technology, education, healthcare, and infrastructure.

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Nationalism

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Pride in one's country or its interests.