Genetic Engineering

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What is genetic engineering?

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A process that involves altering the genetic material of an organism to achieve desired traits.

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What is transformation in genetic engineering?

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The process by which a cell takes up foreign DNA and incorporates it into its own genome.

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What is a plasmid?

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A small, circular piece of DNA found in bacteria that can replicate independently.

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What is gel electrophoresis used for?

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To separate DNA fragments based on their size.

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How can DNA be used to determine familial relationships?

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By comparing DNA sequences to identify genetic similarities.

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What are restriction enzymes?

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Proteins that cut DNA at specific sequences, used in genetic engineering.

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What is recombinant DNA?

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DNA that has been artificially made by combining DNA from different organisms.

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What is the purpose of gene cloning?

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To create copies of a specific gene for research or therapeutic purposes.

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What is CRISPR technology?

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A revolutionary tool for editing genes, allowing for precise modifications in DNA.

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What is a genetic marker?

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A specific DNA sequence that can be used to identify individuals or species.