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Feudalism

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The dominant social system in medieval Europe, where the nobility held lands from the Crown in exchange for military service, and vassals were tenants of the nobles, while peasants lived on their lord's land and gave homage, labor, and a share of produce for protection.

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Social mobility

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Movement of individuals or groups from one position in a society's stratification system to another.

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Fall of Rome 476 AD

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Germanic tribes conquered Rome in 476 A.D., marking the fall of the Western Roman Empire.

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Manorialism

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Economic system during the Middle Ages that revolved around self-sufficient farming estates where lords and peasants shared the land.

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Serfs

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A person who lived on and farmed a lord's land in feudal times.

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Manor System

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In the Middle Ages, a way to manage feudal lands, self-sustaining with everything available on the manor.

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Spread of the Black Death

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Bacteria: Yersinia Pestis, Carrier: Black Rat, Transmitter: Asian rat flea, Origin: Central Asia, Path: trade, from China to Black Sea to Mediterranean Sea.

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Crusades

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A series of holy wars from 1096-1270 AD undertaken by European Christians to free the Holy Land from Muslim rule.

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Holy Land

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Jerusalem and other places in Palestine where Christians believe Jesus had lived and preached.

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Cause and effect

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The reason something happens and the result of it happening.