Sci Inq - Final Review 2025

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Which of the following best defines Evidence-Based Practice (EBP)?
The exclusive use of clinical expertise for patient care​, Integration of best research evidence, clinical expertise, and patient values, Relying solely on published clinical guidelines for treatment decisions, A process that eliminates patient preferences to ensure standardized care

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Integration of best research evidence, clinical expertise, and patient values

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What are the key components of a well-built foreground clinical question using the PICO framework?

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Patient/Problem, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome

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What is one major limitation of implementing EBP in clinical practice? Options: It completely disregards research evidence, It discourages patient participation in decision-making, It can challenge clinical expertise and requires literature searching skills, It is only applicable in academic settings

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It can challenge clinical expertise and requires literature searching skills

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A researcher wants to determine whether people who had an amputation develop more depression over time compared to people without an amputation. What would be the most appropriate study design for this research question?

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Prospective cohort study

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Which of the following BEST describes a case series study?

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A descriptive study that follows a group of 10 patients with a similar condition or treatment, without including a comparison group.

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Three MSPO students are assessing the endurance of 30 individuals with transfemoral amputation before and after a 4-week gait training program. Which of the following is the most appropriate study design for this type of investigation? Clinical case report, Longitudinal study, Randomized controlled trial, Cross-sectional study

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Longitudinal study

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A researcher wants to examine the prevalence of low back pain among adults who use lower-limb prostheses. She collects survey data from patients during one clinic visit, with no intervention involved. Which design and IRB review category is most likely appropriate?

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Cross-sectional observational study with exempt IRB review

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Which of the following scenarios would most likely require a full IRB review? A study involving adults completing anonymous online surveys, A study analyzing de-identified archival data, A study involving physical interventions with children, A classroom-based study using standard curriculum materials

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A study involving physical interventions with children

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Which of the following is a probabilistic sampling method that ensures each subgroup of a population is adequately represented in the sample? Snowball sampling, Convenience sampling, Stratified sampling, Purposive sampling

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Stratified sampling

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In which subject assignment method are participants paired based on shared characteristics before being assigned to different groups?

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Matched assignment