Semester 2 Test Review (Units 5-7.3)
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Biology
•
9th - 12th Grade
•
Hard
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15 questions
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1.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What are mutations?
Back
Mutations are changes in the DNA sequence of an organism's genome. They can occur naturally or be induced by environmental factors.
2.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What are the main causes of mutations?
Back
Mutations can be caused by radiation, chemicals, and viruses, but not by global warming.
3.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What is a dominant allele?
Back
A dominant allele is a variant of a gene that will express its trait in the phenotype even when only one copy is present (e.g., 'A' for brown eyes).
4.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What is a recessive allele?
Back
A recessive allele is a variant of a gene that only expresses its trait in the phenotype when two copies are present (e.g., 'a' for blue eyes).
5.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What is a genotypic ratio?
Back
A genotypic ratio is the ratio of different genotypes produced in offspring from a genetic cross.
6.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What is the Law of Dominance?
Back
The Law of Dominance states that in a heterozygous genotype, the dominant allele will mask the effect of the recessive allele.
7.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What is the Law of Segregation?
Back
The Law of Segregation states that during the formation of gametes, the two alleles for a trait separate from each other.
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