South Africa & Ending Apartheid

Front

What was the Population Registration Act of 1948?

Back

The South African government passed the Population Registration Act categorizing South Africans into three groups: Whites, Colored (Mixed race), and Bantu (Black).

Front

How did the South African government use the Population Registration Act?

Back

The government used this information to forcibly segregate South African citizens based on ethnic group.

Front

What percentage of the population was forced to live on 13% of the land?

Back

Black & Colored groups, which made up over 75% of the population, were forced to live on 13% of the available land.

Front

The leader of the anti-apartheid group, the African National Congress (ANC), and utilized methods of non-violent protest and civil disobedience.

Back

Who was Nelson Mandela?

Front

On March 21, 1960, 3,000-7,000 protestors marched in Sharpeville to protest the Pass Laws, and the South African Police opened fire on the crowd.

Back

What happened during the Sharpeville Protest and Massacre?

Front

What was the government's response to the ANC after the Sharpeville Massacre?

Back

The South African government blamed the ANC for all the problems in South Africa, banned the ANC in 1960, and arrested Nelson Mandela in 1962.

Front

In 1976, the government passed the 'Afrikaans Medium Decree' forcing Black schools to teach the Afrikaans language. On June 16, 1976, between 10,000-20,000 students marched in protest, and the police responded with gunfire and teargas, killing as many as 700 people.

Back

What was the Soweto Uprising?

Front

A non-violent anti-apartheid leader while Mandela was in prison and won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1984.

Back

Who was Desmond Tutu?

Front

What was the international response to the South African government's crackdown in 1986?

Back

The United Nations called for international sanctions and boycotts of South African goods.

Front

How did apartheid end in South Africa?

Back

In 1989, FW De Klerk became president on a platform of ending apartheid. In 1990, he lifted the ban on the ANC and released Mandela from prison. Apartheid was repealed in 1991, and Mandela was elected President of South Africa in 1994.