June 2021 LE Regents

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What is respiration?

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Respiration is the biological process in which organisms convert glucose and oxygen into energy, carbon dioxide, and water.

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What is photosynthesis?

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Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants use sunlight to synthesize foods with the help of chlorophyll, converting carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen.

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What is ecological succession?

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Ecological succession is the gradual process by which ecosystems change and develop over time, often following a disturbance.

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What is gene expression?

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Gene expression is the process by which information from a gene is used to synthesize a functional gene product, usually proteins, which can be influenced by environmental factors.

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What are chromosomes?

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Chromosomes are long strands of DNA that contain genetic information. In humans, each cell typically has 46 chromosomes, arranged in 23 pairs.

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What is the significance of altitude on plant growth?

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Altitude can affect environmental conditions such as temperature, oxygen levels, and sunlight, which can influence plant growth and gene expression.

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What is the role of nutrients in plant growth?

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Nutrients are essential substances that plants need to grow, develop, and reproduce. They are absorbed from the soil and are crucial for various physiological functions.

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What is the difference between genotype and phenotype?

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Genotype refers to the genetic makeup of an organism, while phenotype is the observable physical or biochemical characteristics resulting from the genotype.

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What is a controlled experiment?

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A controlled experiment is a scientific test where one variable is changed while all others are kept constant to determine the effect of that variable.

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What is the purpose of a graph in scientific research?

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Graphs are used to visually represent data, making it easier to identify trends, patterns, and relationships between variables.