Cancer: A multistep Process

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What is cancer?

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Cancer is a multistep process characterized by uncontrolled cell growth and division, leading to the formation of tumors.

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What is an oncogene?

Back

An oncogene is a dominantly expressed mutated gene that gives a cell a growth or survival advantage.

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What is a tumor-suppressor gene?

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A tumor-suppressor gene is a gene that codes for proteins that help regulate cell growth and division, preventing uncontrolled cell proliferation.

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What is cell lysis?

Back

Cell lysis is the process of breaking down the cell membrane, leading to the release of cellular contents.

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What is denaturation in the context of proteins?

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Denaturation is the process in which proteins lose their native structure due to external stress or compounds, affecting their function.

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What is digestion in protein analysis?

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Digestion is the process of breaking down proteins into smaller peptides, typically using enzymes, for analysis.

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What is the order of steps to extract proteins for mass spectrometry analysis?

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The order is: cell lysis - denaturation - digestion.

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What role do growth factors play in cancer?

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Growth factors are proteins that stimulate cell division; their dysregulation can lead to cancer.

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What is apoptosis?

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Apoptosis is the programmed cell death process that eliminates damaged or unnecessary cells.

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How do mutations contribute to cancer?

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Mutations can lead to the activation of oncogenes or inactivation of tumor-suppressor genes, promoting cancer development.