Medical Conditions and Pathologies

Front

Back

ATRIAL SEPTAL DEFECT

Congenital hole in the atrial septum; causes left-to-right shunt, leading to right atrial and ventricular dilation.

Front

Back

VENTRICULAR SEPTAL DEFECT

Opening in the ventricular septum; blood shunts left-to-right, may cause heart failure.

Front

Back

FIBRNOUS PERICARDITIS

Inflammation of the pericardium with fibrin deposition, producing a 'bread and butter' appearance.

Front

Back

BACTERIAL ENDOCARDITIS

Infective vegetation on heart valves; often bulky, friable, may embolize.

Front

Back

RHEUMATIC ENDOCARDITIS

Post-streptococcal autoimmune reaction; small, sterile vegetations along valve closure lines.

Front

Back

RECENT MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION

Soft, pale/yellow necrotic area with possible hemorrhage; neutrophilic infiltration.

Front

Back

OLD MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION

Gray-white scar tissue replacing myocardium; indicates healed infarction.

Front

Back

PULMONARY EMPHYSEMA

Overinflation and destruction of alveolar walls; lungs appear enlarged and spongy.

Front

Back

LOBAR PNEUMEMONIA

Consolidation of an entire lobe; red hepatization followed by gray hepatization.

Front

Back

BRONCHOPNEUMONIA

Patchy areas of consolidation around bronchioles; bilateral, multilobar.