
Chapter 3: Energetics
Flashcard
•
Biology
•
12th Grade
•
Practice Problem
•
Hard
Leann Nowak
FREE Resource
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25 questions
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1.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What does the second law of thermodynamics state about entropy?
Back
The second law of thermodynamics states that the entropy (disorder) of the universe tends to increase over time.
2.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
How do cells comply with the second law of thermodynamics while building ordered structures?
Back
Cells release heat, carbon dioxide, water, and other waste products into their surroundings during metabolism, increasing the entropy of the environment, thus complying with the second law.
3.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What are oxidation and reduction reactions?
Back
Oxidation involves the loss of electrons or hydrogen atoms, often with the addition of oxygen. Reduction involves the gain of electrons or hydrogen atoms, typically with the removal of oxygen.
4.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
How do enzymes affect activation energy?
Back
Enzymes lower the activation energy (Ea) needed to reach the transition state, thus accelerating chemical reactions.
5.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What is Gibbs free energy (G)?
Back
Gibbs free energy (G) is the energy available to do work in a system. ΔG indicates the change in free energy during a reaction.
6.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What does a negative ΔG indicate?
Back
A negative ΔG indicates that a reaction is spontaneous (exergonic).
7.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What is entropy (S)?
Back
Entropy is a measure of the disorder or randomness of a system. Systems tend to move toward greater entropy.
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