21st Literature

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refers to the body of oral and written works produced by Filipinos before the arrival of Spanish colonizers.

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Pre-Colonial Literature (Before 1521)

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Pre-Colonial Literature refers to the body of oral and written works produced by Filipinos before the arrival of Spanish colonizers in the:

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16th Century

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Literature was primarily oral and passed down through generations.

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Oral Tradition

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Stories and songs were communal, performed during rituals, celebrations, or daily activities.

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Community-Based

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These works often contained moral lessons, values, and cultural beliefs.

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Didactic

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Many works were tied to nature, animism, and ancestral worship.

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Nature and Spirituality

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4 Key Characteristics of Pre-Colonial Philippine Literature:

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Oral Tradition, Community-Based, Didactic, and Nature and Spirituality

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Stories that explain natural phenomena, origin of the world, and deities.

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Myths

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Long narrative poems that celebrate the heroic deeds of legendary figures (e.g., Biag ni Lam-ang, Hudhud, Darangen).

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Epics

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Short stories that illustrate morals, often featuring animals or supernatural elements.

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Folk Tales