U3 AOS 1: Enzymes That Manipulate DNA

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Endonuclease

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An enzyme that cuts DNA at specific recognition nucleotide sequences known as restriction sites.

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Recognition sites

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Specific sequences of nucleotides where endonucleases cut the DNA.

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Restricted endonuclease

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An enzyme that cuts DNA at or near specific recognition sites.

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Palindromes

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Sequences of DNA that are the same when read forwards and backwards, often recognition sites for restriction enzymes.

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Sticky ends

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Overhanging sequences at the end of DNA molecules that are created by staggered cuts from restriction enzymes.

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Blunt ends

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DNA ends that are fully base paired, resulting from straight cuts by restriction enzymes.

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Ligase

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An enzyme that facilitates the joining of DNA strands together by catalyzing the formation of phosphodiester bonds.

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Phosphodiester bonds

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The type of bond that links the sugar and phosphate groups in the DNA backbone.

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RNA polymerase

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An enzyme that synthesizes RNA from a DNA template.

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DNA polymerase

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An enzyme that synthesizes DNA molecules from deoxyribonucleotides, the building blocks of DNA.