Energy Transfer

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Particles Noun

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[par-ti-kuls]

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Particles

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The extremely small, constantly moving components that constitute all forms of matter in the universe.

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Example: Gas particles move randomly in a container, showing constant motion and energy transfer.

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Kinetic Energy Noun

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[ki-net-ik en-er-jee]

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Kinetic Energy

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The energy an object or particle possesses because it is in motion; faster movement means more kinetic energy.

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Example: A soccer ball moving fast shows kinetic energy as it travels.

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Temperature Noun

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[tem-per-uh-cher]

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Temperature

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A quantitative measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles that make up a substance or system.

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Example: The image shows how particle movement increases with temperature, indicating higher kinetic energy.

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Conservation of Energy Noun

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[kon-ser-vay-shun uv en-er-jee]

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Conservation of Energy

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The scientific principle stating that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred or transformed from one form to another.

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Example: A swinging ball in Newton's cradle transfers energy to the next, showing energy conservation.

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Energy Transfer Noun

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[en-er-jee trans-fer]

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Energy Transfer

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The process by which energy moves from one object or system to another, such as from a hot object to a cold one.

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Example: Molecules in a hot area transfer energy to a cooler area, shown by arrows.

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Collision Noun

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[kuh-lizh-un]

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Collision

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An event in which two or more moving bodies or particles exert forces on each other for a relatively short time.

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Example: Two balls colliding with arrows showing direction to demonstrate energy transfer during a collision.

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Conduction Noun

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[kun-duk-shun]

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Conduction

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The process of transferring thermal energy between particles of matter that are in direct contact with each other.

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Example: Heating one end of a metal bar transfers thermal energy to the cooler end.

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Equilibrium Noun

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[ee-kwuh-lib-ree-um]

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Equilibrium

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A state in which a system's temperature is uniform and stable because the rate of energy transfer is balanced.

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Example: The image shows energy transfer between two regions reaching equilibrium, with balanced energy flow.

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System Noun

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[sis-tum]

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System

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A specific group of interacting objects, particles, or components that are being studied or analyzed together as a whole.

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Example: The Earth and Moon form a system where gravity acts as a force, showing energy transfer in their interaction.

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Thermometer Noun

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[ther-mom-i-ter]

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Thermometer

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A scientific instrument designed to measure the temperature of a substance by using a property that changes with temperature.

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Example: A digital thermometer measures temperature using a probe and displays it on a screen.