AP LIT Essential Terms

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Metaphor

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A figure of speech that makes an implicit comparison between two unlike things without using 'like' or 'as'. Example: 'Time is a thief.'

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Diction

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The choice of words and style of expression that an author uses in their writing, which can convey tone and meaning.

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Allusion

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A brief reference to a person, place, thing, or idea of historical, cultural, literary, or political significance, which the reader is expected to recognize.

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Simile

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A figure of speech that makes a comparison between two unlike things using 'like' or 'as'. Example: 'Her smile was like sunshine.'

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Synecdoche

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A figure of speech in which a part is used to represent the whole or vice versa. Example: 'All hands on deck' means all crew members.

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Personification

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A literary device where human qualities are attributed to animals, inanimate objects, or abstract concepts. Example: 'The wind whispered through the trees.'

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Juxtaposition

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The placement of two or more ideas, characters, or settings side by side in a narrative or poem to highlight their differences or similarities.

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Imagery

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Descriptive language that appeals to the senses and creates vivid mental pictures for the reader.

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Tone

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The author's attitude toward the subject matter or audience, conveyed through word choice and style.

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Theme

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The central idea or underlying message in a literary work, often reflecting on human nature or society.