Independence Movement in Vietnam Flashcard Key Terms

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Nationalism

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A belief in the importance of one’s nation—valuing its independence, culture, and interests—and often emphasizing unity and identity within that nation.

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Marxism Leninism

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A political ideology blending Marx’s ideas about class struggle with Lenin’s strategies for revolution and party control, emphasizing that a disciplined communist party leads workers and peasants to power.

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Communism

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A theory of government and society aiming for shared ownership of property, no class divisions, and equal access to goods and power—often led by a single party controlling the state and economy.

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Han Dynasty

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Ruled China from 206 BCE to 220 CE. It was one of the most influential and enduring dynasties in Chinese history and is considered a golden age of Chinese civilization.

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Confucianism

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A Chinese moral and philosophical system based on the teachings of Confucius, focused on respect, hierarchy, duty, education, and family values.

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Sinicization

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The process by which non-Chinese societies come under the influence of Chinese culture, particularly language, customs, political systems, and Confucian values.

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Buddhism

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A religion that originally comes from South Asia, and teaches that personal spiritual improvement will lead to escape from human suffering.

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Ho Chi Minh

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The revolutionary leader of Vietnam (1890–1969) who combined nationalism with Marxist Leninist ideas. He led the Vietnamese Communist movement and became the head of North Vietnam.

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Mao Zedong

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A Chinese Communist revolutionary and founder of the People’s Republic of China in 1949. From 1949 until his death in 1976, he led with policies known as Maoism, emphasizing peasant-based revolution and strict political control.

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Marxism

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A social, political, and economic theory founded by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels that interprets history through class struggle and advocates for a revolution to create a classless society where the means of production are collectively owned.