APUSH U3 1763-1775

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French and Indian War

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A conflict (1754-1763) between Britain and France in North America, with Native American tribes on both sides. It ended with Britain gaining control of much of France’s territory in North America.

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John Locke

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An English philosopher whose ideas about natural rights (life, liberty, and property) and the social contract deeply influenced American political thought, especially in the Declaration of Independence.

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Iroquois Confederacy

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A powerful alliance of six Native American nations (Mohawk, Oneida, Onondaga, Cayuga, Seneca, and Tuscarora) in the northeastern part of North America, known for their sophisticated political system and influence during colonial times.

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Headright System

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A system used in colonial Virginia to encourage settlement; colonists who paid for their own or others’ passage to the New World received 50 acres of land.

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Salutary Neglect

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A British policy in the 17th and 18th centuries where they loosely enforced trade laws and allowed colonies to self-govern, leading to a sense of autonomy in the colonies.

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Albany Plan

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A 1754 proposal by Benjamin Franklin to create a unified government for the Thirteen Colonies to better defend against Native American attacks and coordinate colonial policy. It was rejected but was a precursor to later attempts at unity.

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James Oglethorpe

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The founder of Georgia in 1733, who envisioned it as a colony for debtors and a buffer against Spanish Florida. He was a social reformer who sought to offer new opportunities to the poor.

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Proclamation of 1763

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A British law that prohibited colonists from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains to avoid conflicts with Native Americans after the French and Indian War. It angered many colonists who wanted to expand westward.

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Thomas Paine/Common Sense/Crisis Papers

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Thomas Paine was a political writer whose pamphlet Common Sense (1776) argued for American independence from Britain. His Crisis Papers inspired soldiers during the Revolutionary War with their call for perseverance.

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Stamp Act Congress

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A meeting in 1765 of colonial representatives who protested the British Stamp Act, which taxed printed materials. This was an early form of united colonial resistance against Britain.