Basic Information Representation

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binary

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A way of representing information using only two options.

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bit

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A contraction of "Binary Digit"; the single unit of information in a computer, typically represented as a 0 or 1.

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byte

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8 bits.

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decimal

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A way of representing information using ten options.

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overflow error

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Error from attempting to represent a number that is too large.

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round-off error

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 Error from attempting to represent a number that is too precise. The value is rounded.

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analog data

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 Data with values that change continuously, or smoothly, over time. Some examples of analog data include music, colors of a painting, or position of a sprinter during a race.

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digital data

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Data that changes discretely through a finite set of possible values.

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sampling

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A process for creating a digital representation of analog data by measuring the analog data at regular intervals called samples.

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lossless compression

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 A process for reducing the number of bits needed to represent something without losing any information. This process is reversible.