Biology Flashcard on Cells and Microorganisms

Front

What is a prokaryotic cell?

Back

A prokaryotic cell is a type of cell that lacks a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. Examples include bacteria and archaea.

Front

What structures are typically found in prokaryotic cells?

Back

Prokaryotic cells may contain structures such as ribosomes, cell membranes, cell walls, and flagella.

Front

What is a virus?

Back

A virus is a non-cellular infectious agent that can only replicate inside a host cell. It consists of genetic material surrounded by a protein coat.

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What are extremophiles?

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Extremophiles are organisms that thrive in extreme environmental conditions, such as high temperature, acidity, or salinity.

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What type of chromosome do prokaryotes possess?

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Prokaryotes typically have a single, circular chromosome.

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What are plasmids?

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Plasmids are small, circular pieces of DNA found in bacteria that can replicate independently of chromosomal DNA.

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What is the role of flagella in prokaryotic cells?

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Flagella are tail-like structures that enable prokaryotic cells to move through their environment.

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What is the difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?

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Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, while prokaryotic cells do not.

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What is the function of the cell wall in bacteria?

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The cell wall provides structural support and protection to bacterial cells.

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What is the significance of genetic material transfer in bacteria?

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Genetic material transfer allows bacteria to exchange genes, which can lead to increased genetic diversity and adaptation.