DOL: 5D Virus vs. Cells

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What is a virus?

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A virus is a microscopic infectious agent that can only replicate inside the living cells of an organism. It consists of genetic material (DNA or RNA) surrounded by a protein coat called a capsid.

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What is a cell?

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A cell is the basic structural, functional, and biological unit of all living organisms. Cells can be prokaryotic (without a nucleus, like bacteria) or eukaryotic (with a nucleus, like plant and animal cells).

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What is a capsid?

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A capsid is the protein shell of a virus that encases its genetic material. It protects the viral genome and aids in the delivery of the viral genome into host cells.

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What are proteins?

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Proteins are large, complex molecules made up of amino acids. They perform a vast array of functions within organisms, including catalyzing metabolic reactions, replicating DNA, and responding to stimuli.

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What is the difference between viruses and bacteria?

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Viruses are much smaller than bacteria cells, lack cellular structures, and cannot reproduce independently, while bacteria are single-celled organisms that can reproduce on their own.

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What is RNA?

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RNA (ribonucleic acid) is a molecule essential for various biological roles in coding, decoding, regulation, and expression of genes. It is found in both viruses and cells.

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What is DNA?

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DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is the hereditary material in almost all living organisms. It carries the genetic instructions used in growth, development, functioning, and reproduction.

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What is the function of surface proteins in viruses?

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Surface proteins on viruses help the virus attach to and enter host cells. They play a crucial role in the virus's ability to infect and replicate within a host.

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What is cytoplasm?

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Cytoplasm is the jelly-like substance within a cell that contains organelles and is the site of many metabolic processes. It is found in both cells and some viruses.

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What are organelles?

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Organelles are specialized structures within a cell that perform distinct processes. Examples include the nucleus, mitochondria, and ribosomes.