AP Biology Unit 3 FLASHCARD: Targets I-V & A, B, D

Front

What is the pathway for protein movement in a cell that is synthesized in the rough ER and secreted from the cell?

Back

rough ER → Golgi → vesicle that fuses with plasma membrane

Front

Which domain of life is exclusively eukaryotic?

Back

Eukarya only

Front

What structure in plant cells is responsible for storing large quantities of water?

Back

Central vacuole

Front

Calculate the volume of a cube with a side length of 8 mm.

Back

512 mm³ (Volume = side³ = 8³ = 512 mm³)

Front

Calculate the surface area of a cube with a side length of 2 mm.

Back

24 mm² (Surface area = 6 × side² = 6 × 2² = 24 mm²)

Front

Define dehydration synthesis in the context of protein synthesis.

Back

Dehydration synthesis is a chemical reaction that involves the formation of a covalent bond between two molecules with the release of water, commonly used in the formation of proteins from amino acids.

Front

What is the function of the Golgi apparatus in a cell?

Back

The Golgi apparatus modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for secretion or delivery to other organelles.

Front

What is the primary function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER)?

Back

The rough ER is involved in the synthesis of proteins that are either secreted from the cell or incorporated into the cell's plasma membrane.

Front

What is the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Back

Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotic cells have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.

Front

What is the role of lysosomes in a cell?

Back

Lysosomes contain enzymes that break down waste materials and cellular debris.