Mitosis-Meiosis-Cell Cycle

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What is the Cell Cycle?

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The Cell Cycle is the series of phases that a cell goes through to divide and replicate. It includes Interphase (G1, S, G2) and the M Phase (Mitosis and Cytokinesis).

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What occurs during Interphase?

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During Interphase, the cell grows, duplicates its DNA, and prepares for mitosis. It consists of three phases: G1 (cell growth), S (DNA synthesis), and G2 (preparation for mitosis).

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What is Mitosis?

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Mitosis is the process of cell division that results in two genetically identical daughter cells, each with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell.

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What is Meiosis?

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Meiosis is a type of cell division that reduces the chromosome number by half, resulting in four genetically diverse gametes (sperm or eggs).

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What happens during Prophase?

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During Prophase, the nuclear membrane disappears, chromosomes condense and become visible, and centrioles move to opposite poles of the cell.

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What is a Chromosome?

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A chromosome is a structure made of DNA and proteins that contains genetic information. Humans have 46 chromosomes in each somatic cell.

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What is a Chromatid?

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A chromatid is one half of a duplicated chromosome, which is joined to its sister chromatid by a centromere.

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What is a Centromere?

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A centromere is the region of a chromosome where the two sister chromatids are joined together and where the spindle fibers attach during cell division.

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What is Cytokinesis?

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Cytokinesis is the final stage of cell division where the cytoplasm divides, resulting in two separate daughter cells.

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What is the difference between Mitosis and Meiosis?

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Mitosis results in two identical daughter cells, while Meiosis results in four genetically diverse gametes with half the chromosome number.