Unit 4: Enzymes Study Guide — Worksheet Questions (Grade 12)

Front

What is energy coupling in biology?

Back

Energy coupling is the process by which energy released from exergonic reactions (like ATP hydrolysis) is used to drive endergonic reactions (like cellular work).

Front

What does a negative ΔG indicate about a reaction?

Back

A negative ΔG indicates that a reaction is exergonic, meaning it releases energy and can occur spontaneously.

Front

How does temperature affect enzyme activity?

Back

Enzyme activity typically increases with temperature up to an optimal point, after which it decreases due to enzyme denaturation.

Front

Where does ATP synthesis occur in aerobic bacteria?

Back

ATP synthesis occurs in the folds of the plasma membrane in aerobic bacteria.

Front

What are kinases?

Back

Kinases are a class of proteins that covalently attach phosphate groups to other proteins, playing a key role in cellular signaling.

Front

What is the role of ATP in cellular processes?

Back

ATP serves as the primary energy currency of the cell, providing energy for various biochemical reactions.

Front

Define exergonic reaction.

Back

An exergonic reaction is a chemical reaction that releases energy, typically characterized by a negative ΔG.

Front

Define endergonic reaction.

Back

An endergonic reaction is a chemical reaction that requires energy input to proceed, typically characterized by a positive ΔG.

Front

What is enzyme denaturation?

Back

Enzyme denaturation is the process in which an enzyme loses its functional shape due to factors like extreme temperature or pH, leading to a loss of activity.

Front

What is the optimal temperature for enzyme activity?

Back

The optimal temperature for enzyme activity is the temperature at which the enzyme functions most efficiently, usually specific to each enzyme.