Cognates

COGNATES

You will learn about these helpful concept.

What are cognates?

• Cognates are words that can be easily  reCOGNized form one language to another. 

• Just by following some simple rules, you would be able to infer the meaning of many words. 

How many types of cognates are there?

Cuatro

What are the types of cognates?

• Exact

• Direct

• Indirect

• False

  
  
  

• Let's refer to each one of them.

EXACT COGNATES

Are words that are written the same in both languages, they mean the same but the pronunciation may change. 

DIRECT COGNATES  

Are words that follow certain rules.  They are directly related to some "suffixes" and some "prefixes". 

 Spanish suffix        English suffix
         -ción                  -tion (nation)
         - dad                  -ty, -ity(unity)
         - io, ia, ía            -y(reality)
         -oso/-osa           -ous (furious)
         - mente              - ly(finally)

DIRECT COGNATES CONTINUED...
 

Some prefixes:     
Spanish prefix        English prefix       
         f                          ph (pharmacy)
es+consonant            s+ consonant

                                       (special)

INDIRECT COGNATES

Are words that are not related to suffixes nor prefixes but you can still infer the meaning.  You are just making connections between the two languages using your English knowledge.
Examples: música, octubre, turista, etc.

FALSE COGNATES

• Are words that are going to trick you, you have to "be careful" with these cognates.

• You may think you know the meaning but they mean something else
  

• Example: embarazada  you may thing it means embarrassed but it means pregnant.