Elements

Welcome

Today I am going to teach you a brief about Elements and their Components.

Elements

Are PURE substances.

CANNOT BE BROKEN DOWN into simpler substances by any means.

Are mainly classified into METALS, NON-METALS, METALLOIDS and NOBLE GASES.

Are made up of only ONE KIND OF ATOMS.

Constitute the Periodic Table.

Atoms

Are the SMALLEST PARTICLE OF AN ELEMENT.

Are the BASIC UNIT OF AN ELEMENT.

Take part in a reaction.

MAY OR MAY NOT exist on their own.

Are further divisible into -

NUCLEUS and ORBITS (SHELLS).

Atomic Nucleus

Is present in the CENTRE OF AN ATOM.

Contain -

PROTONS - Positively charged particles.

NEUTRONS - Particles carrying no charge (neutral particles).

Orbits or Shells

Are named as K, L, M, N shells.

Surround the nucleus.

In which revolve -

ELECTRONS - Negatively Charged Particles.

The Modern Periodic Table

Formulated by Dimitri Ivanovich Mendeleev. The modern periodic table is used to organize all the known elements. Elements are arranged in the table by increasing atomic number. In the modern periodic table, each element is represented by its chemical symbol. Columns of the periodic table are called groups. Elements in the same group have similar properties.

Atomic Number of an element

It is equal to the number of electrons or protons in an element.

Atomic Mass of an element

It is sum of the protons and the neutrons of a single atom.

Group

Group, in chemistry, a set of chemical elements in the same vertical column of the periodic table. The elements in a group have similarities in the electronic configuration of their atoms, and thus they exhibit somewhat related physical and chemical properties

Period

A period in the periodic table is a row of chemical elements. All elements in a row have the same number of electron shells. Each next element in a period has one more proton and is less metallic than its predecessor.