Earth Science Review

Earth Science Review

Are you ready for your unit test?

Multiple Choice

What is weathering?

• a force that pulls pieces of rock downhill

• a process that builds up features on Earth's surface

• the picking up and moving of rock pieces from one plave to another

• the breaking down of rock into smaller pieces at or near Earth's surface

Multiple Choice

5. How can a town stop beach erosion without causing erosion in other places?

• build groins on the beach

• plant plants on beach dunes

• remove buildings on the beach

• Construct a dam

Why?

• Groins are used on the coast and can stop erosion where they are built, but usually they CAUSE erosion further down the beach.

• A dam is not usually built in coastal salt water

• Removing buildings isn't guaranteed to stop erosion

• Planting plants on the sand dunes holds the sand in with its roots to prevent erosion. This doesn't cause more erosion on the coast, it's natural and safe

Which model represents deposition? Model 1 , Model 2, Model 3, Model 4

Multiple Choice

which model represents deposition?

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

Multiple Choice

16. Which landform provides evidence that at destructive process changed Earth's surface?

• delta

• floodplain

• canyon

• volcanic island

does a delta take away the earth or add to the earth. Is it on top of the earth?

Does a floodplain add land or take it away?

is an island on top of the earth?

When a river carves out a canyon, is land added to the earth or taken away?

Multiple Choice

6. A seismologist is a scientist who studies

• floods

• earthquakes

• storms

• ocean life

A SEISMOLOGIST IS A PERSON WHO STUDIES EARTHQUAKES. hE'S CALLED A SEISMOLOGIST BECAUSE HE STUDIES THE SEISMIC WAVES OF AN EARTHQUAKE

Multiple Choice

7. Where are you most likely to encounter levees?

• across rivers

• along the banks of rivers

• at right angles to beaches

• in cities and towns

Levees run along the sides of rivers to help control flooding. They build up the sides of the river so it will hold more water before it spills over the side

. Dams go across rivers

Multiple Choice

9. Deposition of sediments can change the depth of a lake over time. A student wants to make a model that shows how this process takes place. Which model would provide data about changes in the depth of a lake caused by deposition?

• Fill a beaker with water. Slowly allow the water to evaporate from the beaker. Measure the change in the depth of the water.

• Fill a beaker with water. Slowly drop sand, gravel, and dead plant material into the beaker. Measure the change in the depth of the water.

• Fill a plastic box with sand, gravel, and dead plant material. Put a hose in the middle of the box and turn the water on to a slow flow. Measure the depth of the water when the box is full.

• Fill a plastic box with water. Put a hose in the water on one end of the box and turn the water on to a slow flow. Measure the depth of the water when the box is full.

The images go with the next question

Multiple Choice

11. Some people who live in coastal areas along cliffs are using drones to take pictures of their neighborhoods . A drone is a flying vehicle without a pilot on board. The two pictures show changes in the cliff near a building on two days in December. Which question can be studied by using a drone to observe recent changes in Earth’s surface along coastal areas?

• How old are rock layers at the bottom of the cliff?

• How can people stop the erosion of cliffs near the coast?

• How fast are the cliffs eroding?

• How many people live near cliffs?

Multiple Select

12. Over time, some ocean cliffs disappear, and the shoreline moves inland. Which Earth processes MOST LIKELY cause these changes? Select TWO processes.

• weathering

• volcanic eruption

• erosion

• earthquake

Multiple Choice

13. Coastal erosion is reducing the size of a town's beach. Town leaders want to understand how to use technology to control erosion. Which question should the leaders ask?

• How can weather records be used to map floodplains?

• How do dams trap sand?

• How do groins trap sand?

• How can storm drains reduce flooding?

Where would you find a dam?

where do you find storm drains?

Where do you find groins? Beach = coast

Multiple Choice

3. Which landforms may form as a result of volcanic eruptions?

• cliff

• delta

• morain

• mountain

what it a delta and where is it formed?

What causes a moraine?

Remember we said that the Hawaiian islands were formed from volcanic eruptions

Multiple Choice

How are earthquakes and volcanoes alike?

• They are both only constructive processes

• They are both only destructive processes

• They are both constructive and destructive processes.

• They only occur on land

Multiple Choice

2. What causes water to flow downhill?

• erosion

• gravity

• weathering

• the slope of the hill

Multiple Choice

how do storm drains help prevent flooding?

• they act like levees

• They allow storm water to flow into nearby waterways.

• they block storm water from streets and houses

• they move storm water to dams

what do dams have to do with storm drains?

do storm drains BLOCK water? Where does the water go?

Multiple Choice

How are dams and levees alike?

• Both prevent coastal erosion.

• both control weathering

• both control floods

• both are natural barriers

Are levee's natural or man-made. What do these structures do?

Multiple Choice

8. A student draws the diagram above to compare processes that change Earth's surface features. Which processes should the student write in part B of the diagram?

• volcanic eruptions and depositions

• erosion and deposition

• weathering and erosion

• earthquakes and volcanic eruptions

what goes in the center of a venn?

look closely at the image

Multiple Choice

The picture shows two steep valleys and two rivers that join together and become one larger river in a wider valley. A student claims that both valleys have been formed by the same process over a long period of time. Which argument BEST explains why the student’s claim is correct or incorrect?

• The student’s claim is correct; the evidence in the picture shows that both valleys were formed by the destructive forces of weathering and erosion because flowing water breaks down rock and carries the small pieces downstream.

• The student’s claim is not correct; the evidence in the picture shows that valley 1 was formed by the destructive forces of weathering and erosion because flowing water breaks down rock and carries the small pieces downstream, but valley 2 was formed by the constructive force of deposition because flowing water carries large rocks from far away and drops them along a river, making the banks taller.

• The student’s claim is correct; the evidence in the picture shows that both valleys were formed by the constructive force of deposition because flowing water carries large rocks from far away and drops them along a river, making the banks

• The student’s claim is not correct; the evidence in the picture shows that valley 1 was formed by the constructive force of deposition because flowing water carries large rocks from far away and drops them along a river, making the banks taller, but valley 2 was formed by the destructive forces of weathering and erosion because flowing water breaks down rock and carries the small pieces downstream

when water carved out the two valleys, did it add land to the earth or did it take away land?

Multiple Choice

What landform is created by wind?

• delta

• dune

• floodplain

• moraine