SW Asia History-Partitioning after WWI

SW Asia History-Partitioning after WWI

7th Grade Social Studies

Opening:

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-Standard

-Essential Question

-Learning Target

-Activity

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Standard:

SS7H2--Analyze continuity and change in SW Asia. (a) Explain how European partitioning in SW Asia following WWI led to regional conflict. (c) Describe how land and religion plays a role in continuing conflicts in SW Asia. 

Essential Questions:

--How do religion and ethnicity affect the development of a region?

--How have events following wars led to conflict and change in the past and present?

--Why is conflict likely when two or more factions occupy the same region?

--Why does control of land often lead to conflict and compromise?

Learning Target:

I can explain the impact of European partitioning and analyze the consequences of developing artificial political boundaries.

Vocabulary:

--Ottoman Empire

--Artificial Boundaries

--Partitioning

--World War I (WWI)

Ottoman Empire:

At one time in history, a large empire known as the Ottoman Empire stretched across Europe, Africa, and Southwest Asia.

Then...World War I happened!!

Partitioning:

--The Ottoman Empire ended up on the losing side of World War I and the empire collapsed.

--The main part of the Ottoman Empire became Turkey while the rest was partitioned (divided) by Britain and France.

Partitioning:

--Britain and France made new borders because they wanted control of the area to get the oil profits (money).

Partitioning:

--Since the new borders were based on the oil interests of Europe, and not the best interests of the people in SW Asia, local cultures were ignored and tribal unities were disrupted

Partitioning:

--Disputes (fights) over land led to long periods of conflict and bloodshed in the region. (For example, from 1980 to 1988, Iran and Iraq fought a war over disputed oil-rich territory.)

Multiple Choice

1. What large territory was partitioned as a result of being on the losing side in World War I?

• The European Empire

• The Ottoman Empire

• The African Empire

Multiple Choice

2. Which European countries were responsible for drawing new borders for SW Asia?

• Britain and France

• Britain and Germany

• France and Germany

Multiple Choice

3. Which Arab countries were consulted in partitioning the Ottoman territory?

• Saudi Arabia

• Iraq

• None of them

Multiple Choice

4. France and Great Britain weren’t thinking about ethnic or religious difference when they created the borders. What were they interested in?

• water

• oil

• food

Partitioning:

--The new borders also caused some ethnic and religious groups to be separated by boundaries, while some rival groups were placed together.

Religious Groups:

--For example, Sunni and Shia Muslims were forced together into Iraq. 

--The two religious groups have fought for power in Iraq for decades.

--The more aggressive Iraqi Sunnis have also clashed with the Iranian Shiites.

Religious Groups:

--Disputes over religion also lie at the heart of conflict in the region.

--Some conflicts started when Europeans took control of the region, but others date back to long before the Europeans came.

--The hostility between Arabs and Jews forms the basis of the region’s modern history.

Religious Disputes:

--When the United Nations divided Palestine into Israel and Palestine, the Palestinians refused to recognize Israel as a nation and as soon as Israel was established, fighting broke out.

--With help from neighboring Arab countries, Palestinians began fighting with Israel--which has lasted for decades.

Religious Disputes:

--Many Arab nations do not recognize Israel as a nation and Jewish-Israel lives in virtual isolation from its neighbors.

--There is constant conflict between Palestinians and Israelis living in the area called the Gaza Strip.

--The land in Israel is sacred to both Jews and Muslims, so the two groups are constantly fighting over it.

Ethnic Groups:

--Another problem created by the land division has impacted the Kurds, an ethnic group that has lived in the region for centuries.

--Despite their large population, Kurds did not get their own territory when Europeans partitioned SW Asia and they were divided among Turkey, Iraq, and Iran.

Ethnic Groups:

--Since they were not given their own homeland, the Kurds were left vulnerable to persecution.

--Throughout the last decades of the 20th century, Iraq’s former dictator Saddam Hussein attempted to eliminate his country’s Kurdish population.

--Today, Kurds are suffering greatly from civil war in Syria.

Multiple Choice

5. What lies at the heart of many conflicts in SW Asia?

• land and religion

• religion and education

• land and education

Multiple Choice

6. What has happened to the Kurds as a result of the unfair partitioning of their homeland?

• They have their own country and are welcomed in other countries.

• They have no country of their own and are persecuted.

Multiple Choice

7. How do Palestinians feel about the creation of Israel?

• They are happy.

• They are upset.

• They live together peacefully.

Multiple Choice

8. What is a site of continual conflict between Israelis and Palestinians?

• The land of Syria

• The land of Turkey

• The land of Israel

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