Year 7 Music History 1

Year 7 Music History 1

The Medieval and Baroque Periods

What are we doing today

• LI: To understand an overview of Medieval Music and understand the characteristics of Baroque Music

• Success: Completing the Listening task and showing understanding of the two music styles.

Lets wind back the clock shall we

• Way back in the medieval period what group had the most power?

• Was the society similar to what we have today or very different?

Medieval Period Crash Course

• During the Middle Ages the Roman Catholic Church was an integral part of the development of music.

• Back then the church was the main wealth and power and as such they were patrons of the arts

• Wealthy members of society would contract musicians to create works for them and often for the church

Medieval Crash Course

• For a musician seeking work they would often seek out fellow ensembles or approach the church and its supporters

• Some musicians were lucky to have a wealthy patron, who would pay them to compose and perform works within their estates as a full time job

• Royalty were important patrons of the arts. They would employ composers to write works for special events often praising particular kings or queens

Developments

• Over time during this period musical notation was developed as the music began to become more complex

• The idea of using chorus within the church was also created during this time where members would sing as a group during prayer

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Multiple Choice

Which group had the most influence on music in the middle ages

• The Catholic Church

• Common Citizens

• Governments

• Musicians

Multiple Choice

What is patronage?

• Where someone makes their own music to express themselves

• Where experimented with music

• Where wealthy persons or royalty would hire musicians to compose music for significant events

Multiple Choice

Is the medieval period the first recorded era of music history?

• Yes

• No

Baroque Period

• This period occurred between around 1600-1750

• During this time the way that music was written was beginning to change

Baroque Period Composers

• Composers from this time included

• Antonio Vivaldi

• George Frederic Handel

• Johann Sebastian Bach

Vivaldi

Vivaldi was an Italian composer, teacher and Catholic priest.

Vivaldi's Four Seasons - Spring

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mFWQgxXM_b8

Handel

Water Music

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kuw8YjSbKd4

Bach

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gyMtlvOcojU

Badiniere Suite No.2

How do we identify Baroque Music?

Baroque music has been known to include the following traits.

• Repetition - where a musical idea or theme is repeated throughout a song or part
• Scales - A combination of notes that make up a Major or Minor key
• Sequences - A sequence is the restatement of a musical idea at a higher or lower pitch in the same voice.

Textures in Music

• Texture - The number of musical ideas or themes being played at once

• Baroque music often uses polyphonic textures

• Polyphonic - two or more

• Often this makes the music Contrapuntal - This is where both melodies are equally important instead of having one main melody.

Example

• Bach's Toccata and Fugue In D Minor

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ho9rZjlsyYY

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Types of Instruments

• During this time composers were able to use

• Strings - Violin, Viola, Cello, Double bass

• Woodwind - Recorder, Wooden Flute, Oboe and Bassoon

• Brass - Trumpets and horns

• Percussion - Timpani

• Keyboard - Harpsichord

Types of Baroque Music

• Religious singing was extremely common during this time and many composers/musicians were working for the church

• Baroque Concertos were often call Concerto grosso or Great concerto as there was more than one solo instrument accompanied by orchestras

• A standard concerto was also common during this time - where one solo instrument was accompanied by orchestra

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Listening Task 1

Now lets practice identifying some of the things we have talked about.