Physical and Chemical Properties

Physical Properties II

Open Ended

Which two physical properties of metals will best help determine if a substance is metal?

Physical properties can be observed and measured without changing the kind of matter being studied

Multiple Choice

Physical Properties can be ________

• observed without changing the matter being studied

• observed and measured but the matter has to be changed

• observed and measured without changing the matter being studied

Melting Point

The temperature at which a solid can change to a liquid

Unchanging under constant conditions

Boiling Point

The temperature at which a liquid changes from a liquid to a gas.

Boiling begins when bubbles form throughout, grow larger, rise to the surface, and burst.

As long as the substance is boiling the temperature of the liquid remains constant (at the boiling point).

Boiling point is unchanging under constant conditions for a given substance.

Color

Color can be used to help identify a substance, along with other properties.

By itself, color is not a significant identifier of a substance.

Hardness

The relative resistance of a metal or other material to denting, scratching, or bending.

Magnetism

The property of reacting to the forces exerted by magnets.

Density

The relationship between the mass of a material and its volume

Substances that are denser contain more matter in a given volume.

The density of a substance is unchanging no matter how large or small the sample of the substance.

Multiple Choice

Why is a basketball more dense than a beach ball?

• It has more matter

• It has less matter

• It contains less air

Conductivity

The ability to act as an electrical conductor or an electrical insulator is based on the solid’s ability to complete an electric circuit, i.e., conduct electricity.

Materials with high conductivity are called electrical conductors because they allow current to flow easily.

Materials with low conductivity are called electrical insulators (nonconductors) because they do not allow current to flow

Multiple Choice

Which element would be the best conductor?

• Oxygen

• Copper

• Sulfur

Chemical Properties

Chemical properties can be recognized only when substances react or do not react chemically with one another, that is, when they undergo a change in composition.

Multiple Choice

How are chemical properties observed?

• during chemical reactions

• when a chemical is poured in a beaker

• when a chemical is at room temperature

Rust

The ability of a substance to rust is a chemical property that involves a substance reacting slowly with oxygen

Multiple Choice

Which element cause rust?

• Carbon

• Hydrogen

• Oxygen

Flammability

The ability to burn involves a substance reacting quickly with oxygen to produce light and heat. This process is called burning