Intro to the Periodic Table

Intro to the Periodic Table

Physical Science - Mr. Hendley

Dmitri Mendeleev

The modern periodic table was initially visualized by Russian chemist Dmitri Mendeleev around 1869.

While not the first to do so, his table was the first to predict unknown elements by grouping known elements together by chemical properties and atomic weights.

Periods

• Periods are the horizontal rows on the periodic table

• There are 7 of them in total.

• The two rows underneath are part of rows 6 and 7, respectively.

Groups

• Groups are the vertical columns on the Periodic Table

• There are 18 groups on the Periodic Table

• The two rows underneath are NOT considered part of the 18. (So maybe it's technically 32 groups?)

• Also called families because elements in a group favor one another.

Multiple Choice

How many periods are there on the Periodic Table?

• 3

• 7

• 18

• 32

Multiple Choice

How many families are there on the Periodic Table?

• 3

• 7

• 18

• 32

Multiple Select

Which of the following are TRUE regarding groups? (Mark all that apply)

• They include the elements underneath the periodic table

• There are 7 of them.

• There are 18 of them.

• They are also called families.

• They are horizontal.

Metals, Nonmetals, Metalloids

• One way to classify elements is by their metallic character.

• The Zigzag line (Zintl border) separates the metals on the left from the nonmetals on the right.

• Metalloids share a border with this stair-step line (except Aluminum, which is a metal!)

• Hydrogen is the one other exception. It is a nonmetal, despite being above the Group 1 Alkali metals.

Multiple Choice

How would you classify the element in Group 11 and Period 5?

• Metal

• Nonmetal

• Metalloid

Multiple Choice

How would you classify the element in Group 15 and Period 4?

• Metal

• Nonmetal

• Metalloid

Solid, Liquid and Gas

• State of Matter is another classification.

• Only 2 elements are liquid at room temperature: Mercury and Bromine

• Gases include all of Group 18, Fluorine, Chlorine, Oxygen, Nitrogen and Hydrogen

• All other elements are solid at room temperature (STP - Standard Temperature and Pressure).

Multiple Choice

Which metal is a liquid at room temperature?

• Gallium

• Mercury

• Bromine

• Cadmium

Multiple Choice

Which of the following metals is a gas at room temperature?

• Hydrogen

• Gallium

• Mercury

• No metals are gas at room temperature

Multiple Choice

Which state of matter is iodine at room temperature?

• Solid

• Liquid

• Gas

• Plasma

Named Groups of the Periodic Table

• Alkali metals - Group 1 metals

• Alkaline earth metals - Group 2 metals

• Transition metals - Groups 3-12

• Halogens - Group 17

• Noble Gases - Group 18

• Lanthanides - row under periodic table starting with Lanthanum

• Actinids - row under periodic table starting with Actinium

Multiple Choice

Beryllium is a member of the

• alkali metals

• alkaline earth metals

• halogens

• noble gases

Multiple Choice

Chlorine is a member of the

• alkali metals

• alkaline earth metals

• halogens

• noble gases

Have a good understanding?

I sure hope so! Because here we go!

Multiple Choice

Which group of elements contains an element which is a liquid at STP?

• Alkali metals

• Alkaline earth metals

• halogens

• noble gases

Multiple Choice

An element with 20 protons could be classified as a(n)

• alkali metal

• alkaline earth metal

• halogen

• noble gas

Multiple Choice

An element with a mass number of 197 would be considered a(n)

• alkali metal.

• alkaline earth metal.

• transition metal.

• lanthanide.

Multiple Choice

The element found in Period 2 and Group 13 would be classified as

• an alkali metal

• an alkaine earth metal

• metalloid.

• lanthanide.

Multiple Choice

More than 2/3 of the elements on the periodic table are classified as

• metals

• nonmetals

• metalloids

Multiple Choice

Which group needs one more electron in order to complete their valence octet?

• Alkali metals

• Transition metals

• Halogens

• Noble gases

Multiple Choice

Which element from Group 15 is a metal?

• Phosphorus (P_

• Arsenic (As)

• Antimony (Sb)

• Bismuth (Bi)

Multiple Choice

Which compound contains an alkali metal and a halogen?

• $CaCl_2$

• $CaS$

• $RbCl$

• $Rb_2S$

Multiple Choice

Which pair of Group 15 elements are both considered nonmetals?

• Nitrogen and Arsenic

• Phosphorous and Bismuth

• Nitrogen and Phosphorous

• Arsenic and Antimony

Multiple Choice

Which group of elements is most likely to gain electrons when forming ionic bonds?

• Alkali metals

• Lanthanides

• Halogens

• Noble gases