ACT Science Mastery Lesson 16

ACT Science Mastery Lesson 16

Passage

A group of students performed two experiments with a microscope that had 4 different objective lenses. 

Experiment 1

The students viewed four different slides through each objective lens. They labeled the slides A, B, C and D. Each slide had two thin lines painted on it with varying degrees of separation between them. For each objective lens, the students determined whether or not they could see the lines as separate or whether they blurred together into one. They put the results from their experiment into Table 1.

Experiment 2

To further test their lenses, the students prepared a slide with a line on it that was exactly 0.1 mm thick. This they called their object size. They viewed the slide with each of their objective lenses and estimated how long the line appeared to them, which they called their image size. Finally, the student calculated the magnifi cation (M) of each lens by using the following formula: 

M = image size / object size. The data from their experiment appears in Table 2.

Multiple Choice

If the student viewed the slide used in Experiment 2 with a fifth lens, and the size of the image viewed through this lens was 15 mm, what would the M associated with this objective lens be?

• 100

• 15

• 150

• 1500

The correct answer is C

First find the pattern in Table 2. The magnification is always 10 times the image size. 15 x 10 = 150. 

Multiple Choice

If the student viewed the slide used in Experiment 2 with a fifth lens, and the size of the image viewed through this lens was 35 mm, what would the M associated with this objective lens be?

• 350

• 35

• 500

• 250

The correct answer is A.

First find the pattern in Table 2. The magnification is always 10 times the image size. 35 x 10 = 350.

Multiple Choice

If the student viewed the slide used in Experiment 2 with a fifth lens, and the size of the image viewed through this lens was 7 mm, what would the M associated with this objective lens be?

• 7

• 70

• 700

• 50

The correct answer is B

First find the pattern in Table 2. The magnification is always 10 times the image size. 7 x 10 = 70.

Multiple Choice

Which statement is true based on the results of Experiment 2?

• he image sizes ranged from 50 mm to 500 mm.

• Six objective lenses were tested.

• The smaller the image size, the larger the magnification.

• The larger the image size, the larger the magnification.

The correct answer is D.

Test each statement using the data in Table 2. A, B, and Care false. However, as the image size increases in the chart, so does the magnification. D is your best choice. 

Multiply the line size by the magnification of each lens to find each image size. By multiplying Objective Le 3's magnification of 250 by 2.3 mm we arrive at an im age size of 575 mm, which is the largest of the choices provided. 

ACT VOCABULARY

Multiple Choice

Define Absolute zero

• Rate of change of velocity, often expressed in

  $\frac{m}{s^2}$

• something which is plentiful or exists in large quantities.

• the lowest possible temperature. It is 0 Kelvin or approximately -273 $\degree C$

Multiple Choice

Define Abundant

• a molecule capable of donating a positively-charged hydrogen ion, or capable of forming a covalent bond by donating an electron pair.

• something which is plentiful or exists in large quantities.

• to stick completely on a surface.

Multiple Choice

Define Adhere

• to stick completely on a surface.

• $\frac{m}{s^2}$

  Rate of change of velocity, often expressed in

• a molecule capable of donating a positively-charged hydrogen ion, or capable of forming a covalent bond by donating an electron pair

Multiple Choice

Define Acid

• something which is plentiful or exists in large quantities.

• the lowest possible temperature. It is 0 Kelvin or approximately -273 $\degree C$

• a molecule capable of donating a positively-charged hydrogen ion, or capable of forming a covalent bond by donating an electron pair.

Multiple Choice

Define Acceleration

• to stick completely on a surface.

• Rate of change of velocity, often expressed in $\frac{m}{s^2}$

• something which is plentiful or exists in large quantities.

Multiple Choice

Define Aerobic respiration:

• the process of glucose breakdown in the body of an animal for supplying muscles with oxygen.

• a story told by someone based on his/her past experiences.

• to examine something in detail (such as phenomena, the result of an experiment, data collected from a survey, etc.).

Multiple Choice

Define Altitude:

• to predict an event or a result based on current events or past experiences.

• the vertical distance between an object and the ground or sea level; any object on the ground or sea level is said to have 0 altitudes.

• a story told by someone based on his/her past experiences.

Multiple Choice

Define Analyze

• to examine something in detail (such as phenomena, the result of an experiment, data collected from a survey, etc.).

• the process of glucose breakdown in the body of an animal for supplying muscles with oxygen.

• to predict an event or a result based on current events or past experiences.

Multiple Choice

Define Anecdote

• a story told by someone based on his/her past experiences.

• to predict an event or a result based on current events or past experiences.

• to examine something in detail (such as phenomena, the result of an experiment, data collected from a survey, etc.).

Multiple Choice

Define Anticipate

• the lowest possible temperature. It is 0 Kelvin or approximately -273 $\degree C$  

• Rate of change of velocity, often expressed in  $\frac{m}{s^2}$   

• to predict an event or a result based on current events or past experiences.

Multiple Choice

Define Assert

• to state a fact or belief with authority and confidence; to make others believe in one’s

  authority.

• for something to grow or increase rapidly.

• An organic compound containing carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen at a ratio of 1:2:1. For

  example, sugars and starches are the main sources of energy for living beings.

Multiple Choice

Define Attribute:

• a feature or property which is regarded as a part of something or someone.

• something which is commonly a feature or a quality of a person, place, or a thing.

• to predict an event or a result based on current events or past

  experiences.

Multiple Choice

Define Carbohydrate:

• the process of glucose breakdown in the body of an animal for

  supplying muscles with oxygen.

• the vertical distance between an object and the ground or sea level; any object

  on the ground or sea level is said to have 0 altitudes.

• An organic compound containing carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen at a ratio of 1:2:1. For

  example, sugars and starches are the main sources of energy for living beings.

Multiple Choice

Define Burgeon

• a feature or property which is regarded as a part of something or someone.

• for something to grow or increase rapidly.

• something which is commonly a feature or a quality of a person, place, or a thing.

Multiple Choice

Define Characteristic:

• something which is commonly a feature or a quality of a person, place, or a thing.

• An organic compound containing carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen at a ratio of 1:2:1. For

  example, sugars and starches are the main sources of energy for living beings.

• to state a fact or belief with authority and confidence; to make others believe in one’s

  authority.