History rev questions for MTT

History rev questions for MTT

NON-CENTRALIZED STATES

Non-centralized states existed virtually in most parts Nigeria from early times (before 1900).

Definition of Non –centralized states.

Non –centralized states are states without centralized governments. Non–centralized states are states without central government but power and authority are shared across different units of society.

It is also known as Decentralized State.

Multiple Choice

Non-centralized states is also known as ______ state

• decentralized

• decolonialized.

• congested.

• centralized

Multiple Choice

Non-centralized states existed virtually in most parts of Nigeria from early times before

• 1940

• 1930

• 1800

• 1900

Characteristics

• Authority was dispersed (distributed): No single individual served as

  the symbol of authority. Emphasis was placed more on collective

  leadership.

• There was no standing army: Each community organized its army

  and defended its territory in the case of attack.

• Recognized democracy: The people had inputs in decisions that

  concerns them.

• Political organization of Non-centralized states are based on council of elders and village assembly. The council of elders provided leadership and they often took major decisions in the state.

• Existence of institutions that helped in the political organisation of

  non-centralised states included age grades, lineage heads, secret

  societies etc. Each institution was significant and took decisions without

  the permission of anybody.

Examples of Non-centralized states in Pre- colonial Nigeria.

i. Tiv.

ii. Idoma.

iii. Ebira.

iv. Igbo.

v. Urhobo.

vi. Ijo (Ijaw).

vii. Oro (Oron).

viii. Ibibio.

ix. Anang.

Multiple Choice

One of the following is not an example of Non-centralized state in pre-colonial Nigeria.

• Idoma.

• Itsekiri.

• Igbo.

• Ibibio.

Multiple Choice

Non-centralized states were states whose power and authority of government ----------

• were shared among institutions in the state.

• were spread over a body.

• resided with a single individual.

• none of the above.

TIV

Tiv people speak the Tiv language and are found in the present day central region of Nigeria. The Tiv people are found in the Middle Belt of Nigeria. They coexisted with their neighbors: the Hausa, the Idoma, the Fulani, the Igala and the Jukun.

Like other states in Pre-colonial Nigeria, their origin is shrouded in mystery as a result of lack of written document before the coming of the Europeans.

Also, the Tiv’s system of government was non-centralized. It was based on family and lineage.

Multiple Choice

The following are neighbors of the Tiv people except _____

• Hausas

• Igbos

• Jukun

• Idoma

Multiple Choice

The Tiv people are found in the --------- of Nigeria.

• Central Belt

• North east

• Middle Belt

• Sub-Niger

Multiple Choice

TIv people speak ________ language

• Ijaw

• Tiv

• Edo

• Yoruba

Multiple Choice

The Tiv's system of government was based on _______ and ______

• Presidents and governors

• Family and lineage

• Parents and children

Generally, the Tiv people have been regarded as migrants from other parts of Nigeria to their present day settlement.

A version of their history believed that they were formally found at the foot –hill of the Cameroun Mountains from where they migrated to the Southern part of Benue River.

A second version recorded a local tradition which traced this group’s ancestry from one Takaruku. The Tiv were formally neighbours of the Ekoi people from where they were harassed by their powerful neighbours who drove them to their present settlement.

The third and last version has it that the Tiv formally lived on a hill –top in the Benin region from where they migrated to their present location early in the 19th Century.

Their survival depended on the use of the bows and arrows with poison tubes and also knives and spears which were acquired at a later stage of their existence.

Multiple Choice

Third version has it that the Tiv formally lived on a hill-top in the ____ region

• Benin

• Fulani

• Idoma

• Igala

Multiple Choice

First version of history believe that the Tiv were formally found at the foothill of _____ Mountains

• Cameroun

• Colombia

• Chile

• Canada

Multiple Choice

A second version recorded a local tradition which traced the tiv's ancestry from one

• Eringba

• Abakaliki

• Takaruku

POLITICAL AND SOCIAL ORGANISATION OF THE TIV

Three major factors determined leadership in the Tiv non-centralized state; they were age, influence and wealth.

Multiple Choice

Three major factors determined leadership in the Tiv non-centralized

state were

• age, money and health

• influence, wealth and age

• money, influence and health

• age, influence and health

POLITICAL AND SOCIAL ORGANISATION OF THE TIV

• The Orya: Orya means head. Each compound was named after its

  head. Senior male members of the compounds usually formed a council which looked into the administration of the compound.

• The Ityo: This body was supreme and patrilineage. It was made of

  representatives of different families that made up particular lineage.

• The Kwav (Age grades): There were different age grades. They carried out specific functions such as helping to keep the public places clean, helping each other in farming etc.

• Mba Tsav: This was the secret society. This society performed similar functions as the Ogboni secret society in Oyo Empire.

• The Kur: He was the Tiv military head.

• Tor-Agbana: He was in charge of the drum group.

• Igba: (maternal clan): She was in charge of protecting young girls in time of sickness and death.

Multiple Choice

______ was the head in Tiv

• Igba

• Kwav

• Orya

• Mba Tsav

Multiple Choice

The Tiv military head was known as _____

• The Kwar

• The Kur

• The Orya

• Igba

Multiple Choice

The Tiv secret society was called _______

• The Kwav

• The Kur

• Tor-Agbana

• Mba Tsav

Multiple Choice

The patrilineal clan was called ______ while the maternal clan was called ______

• Ityo, Igba

• Igba, Ityo

Multiple Choice

______ was in charge of protecting young girls in

time of sickness and death.

• Ityo

• Tor-Agbana

• Igba

• The Orya

Economic Activities of the Tiv

The Tiv people were successful in farming and agriculture. They planted many food and cash crops, such as cassava, yam, millet, guinea corn, sorghum, etc.

Multiple Choice

The tivs were successful at ______

• Playing

• Farming

• Fighting

IDOMA

Tradition of Origin

The Idoma people can be found in the confluence of Niger- Benue

Rivers in the North- Central geo-political zone of Nigeria. They are hospitable people.

Oral tradition and dance are the primary methods through which history has been passed in Idoma land and is considered a central cultural institution.

Their oral tradition revealed that Iduh was the father of the Idoma

people. Iduh was believed to have had several children, who headed

and established different communities that make up Idoma people of

today. The Idoma have other neighbouring communities such as the

Igbo, Ogoja, Tiv, Igede, Igala communities.

Multiple Choice

The following are neighbors of the Idoma people except ----

• Ogoja.

• Ogene.

• Igede.

• Tiv.

Multiple Choice

The Idoma people are majorly found in which state in Nigeria?

• Niger.

• Kogi.

• Katsina.

• Benue.

Multiple Choice

-------- was the father of the Idoma people.

• Agenapoje

• Iduh

• Ginuwa

• Tsoede

Socio-political Organisation of Idoma

The system of Government in the Pre-colonial Idoma was highly decentralised and it made way for participation of all clans in the enforcing of law and order of the land.

The people practised patrilineal system, which means that various clanswere controlled by a male head.

• The family (Ole) was regarded as the smallest unit.

• The family head (Adole) was the leader of the family.

• Politically, the highest power resided within the Ojila or Ojira. This was the meeting of all adult males in the community. They met to decide on issues and conditions of events in the land and decision making was usually democratic.

• The conduct of the meeting was supervised by the elders (Ai-Onyakwuoche ole).

• The head of the Idoma kingdom was and is still the Och’ Idoma or Oche.

• The power of the Oche was checked by the Ojila or Ojira and he had to abide by the decisions of the Ojila or Ojira.

• As a matter of fact, the senior lineage elders were above the Oche in the political hierarchy.

• The Idoma also had the age group as an important part of its political structure.

Multiple Choice

The conduct of the meeting was supervised by the elders also known as ____

• Ojira

• Ai-Onyakwuoche ole

• Adole

• Kwav

Multiple Choice

The Idoma people can be found in

• Imo-Calabar Rivers.

• Niger-Delta Rivers.

• Sahara desert.

• Niger-Benue confluence

Multiple Choice

The head of the Idoma kingdom was

• Ojila.

• Attah.

• Oche.

• Adole.

Multiple Choice

The system of government of the Idoma people in Pre-colonial Nigeria was highly -------

• decentralized.

• decolonialized.

• congested.

• centralized.

Multiple Choice

The highest power in Idoma land resided within the

• Ojia

• Ojira

• Ule

• Adule

Multiple Choice

Who is the head of the smallest unit in Idoma land?

• Baba

• Oga

• Adole

• Adule

Multiple Choice

What is the smallest unit in Idoma land?

• Ile.

• Ole

• Ale

• Ule

EBIRA/IGBIRA

The Ebira/Igbira can be found majorly in the following states of Nigeria such as Kogi, Kwara, Nasarawa, Abuja and Edo states. Their neighbours are the Akoko, Owe, Ijumu, Akoko-Edo, Hausa and Nupe people. Their language is also called EBIRA.

Multiple Choice

The Ebira/Igbira can be found majorly in the following states of Nigeria except

• Kogi

• Katsina

• nasarawa

• Abuja

Multiple Choice

Their neighbours are all except

• Igbo

• Owe

• Ijumu

• Hausa

Multiple Choice

Their language is called

• Ibira

• Hausa

• Ebira

• Fulani

Tradition of origin of the Ebira/Igbira people

According to oral tradition, Ebira/Igbira origin can be traced to Wukari which was part of Kwararafa confederacy.

The father of the Ebira/Igbira was Taazi, who had five sons and one daughter. The five sons of Taazi later spread and founded the various

districts in Ebiraland.

Multiple Choice

Ebira/Igbira origin can be traced to

• Tsoede

• Saifawa

• Otaru

• Wukari

Multiple Choice

The father of the Ebira/Igbira was ______-

• Iduh

• Agenapoje

• Taazi

• Kwararafa

Multiple Choice

Ebira/Igbira origin can be traced to Wukari

which was part of ________ confederacy.

• Kwararafa

• Saifawa

• Otaru

• Ohionoyi

Multiple Choice

Taazi, who had ___ sons and ____ daughter.

• 6,1

• 5,2

• 5,1

• 6,2

Socio-political Organisation of the Ebira/Igbira People

• During pre-colonial era, the Ebira people were Patrilineal, which was

  rulership by a male leader or male family heads. The people were

  divided into family clans and clan heads.

• The clan head known as the Otaru was the oldest living male. He presided over meetings of his clan but his judgment was based on the majority of the opinions of the elders. His disciplinary powers were limited to his own family.

• The Ohionoyi (chief priest) was the religious head of the community.

• The Ebira had strong military force.

Multiple Choice

The clan head known as the ______was the oldest living male.

• otaru

• ohionoyi

• taazi

• oche

Multiple Choice

The _____ (chief priest) was the religious head of the community.

• otaru

• ohionoyi

• taazi

• oche

Economic Activities of the Ebira People

During the pre-colonial era, farming, animal husbandry and cloth weaving were occupations the people of Ebira were known for. They were also excellent in smithing work, art and craft.

THE IGBOS

The Tradition of Origin

The tradition of origin of the Igbos have always been illusive because there is no agreement among the Igbos about where their ancestors came from. Some believed that they had always lived where they now live and that they did not come from anywhere else.

Some believed that their forefathers came from Egypt, Israel.

Many of them accepted the tradition that they all first lived in the area known as the Nri-Awka Orlu complex and that later some of their forefathers moved away from the complex to other areas.

The Igbo were reputed as independent people who did not permit the development of monarchies. Except for Onitsha and Oguta that had mornachs.

The Igbos recognized an egalitarian system of society (class-less or equality) where everybody is equal and therefore encourage each person to develop his potential to the community.

Multiple Choice

The forefathers of the Igbos came from ____

• Bethlehem

• Jerusalem

• France

• Israel

Multiple Choice

Many of them accepted the tradition that they all first lived in the area known as the _________ complex and that later some of their forefathers moved away from the complex to other areas.

• Nri-Akwa Orlu

• Nri-Awka Orlu

• Nri-Awka Rolu

• Nri-Awka Rolu

Multiple Choice

The Igbo were reputed as independent people who did not permit the

development of monarchies. Except for _____ and ____ that had

mornachs.

• Imo and Enugu

• Awka and Onitsha

• Onitsha and Oguta

• Imo and Awka

The Socio- Political Organisation of the Igbos

The traditional political structure of the Igbo was fragmented and

segmentary in nature such that the political authority was shared by

many political institutions within the system.

The Village Head:

Also called the “Okpara” or “Obi’ in Igbo land, by tradition was supposed to be the oldest man among his kindred

in the village. He held the “’OFO” of the village which was the symbol of authority. The village head lacked the political power to

impose his will or decisions upon the people, decisions were

reached and taken in the basis of consensus.

The Council of Elders (Amaala)

The head of each family is given the “Ofo”. The Ofo title holders formed the council of elders known as the Amaala. The Okpara i.e. the most senior family or eldest man in the village presided over its meeting of the council. The council handled issues that bothered on customs, tradition, performance of rituals and settlement of disputes, more important or sensitive issues like declaration of war were referred to the village assembly. They also helped in administration.

Multiple Choice

______ was the most senior male member of the family?

• Okpara

• Obi

• Eze

• Amaala

Multiple Choice

The concept of ‘ofo’ in the socio-political organisation of the Igbo pre-colonial society signifies symbol of

• wealth.

• authority.

• war.

• victory.

Multiple Choice

The Ofo title holders formed the council of elders known as the ____

• Obi

• Eze

• Okpara

• Amaala

The Village Assembly (Ohaneze)

The administration of the village was basically carried out by the council of elders and the Village Assembly. Sensitive and important issues were usually taken to the village assembly by the council of elders for final decisions.

The village assembly was an assembly of all male adults in the village. At the meeting, every member present had the right to speak and bare their mind on issues being discussed.

The Age Grade

Played and still plays a crucial role in the political system of the Igbo. The males of a village were divided into groups of about the same age bracket known as age grades. The members appointed among themselves grade heads who coordinated and presided over its activities. Their functions included defence of the community, labour force and implementation of the decisions of the laws of the land.

Multiple Choice

The village assembly was called _______

• OBi

• OKPARA

• OHANEZE

• AMAALA

The Ozo Title Holders

The traditional Igbo political system consisted of different kinds of titles. Ozo title was the highest of all the titles. These titles were held by men of wealth and integrity. They also settled disputes in the community.

Women Association:

They served as powerful pressure group and social agents. They socialized the young ones and inculcated good values and norms. They stood against all oppressive and exploitative practises. We had two kinds of women association namely the “Umu-Ada” The daughters of the kindred and the married women of the village called the “Otu Omu”

Multiple Choice

In the Igbo pre-colonial period, two women associations that served as powerful pressure group and social agents were ------- and --------

• Nma/Umunwanyi.

• Adanna/Nne Oma.

• Umu-Ada/ Nne Oma.

• Umu-Ada/ Otu Omu.

Multiple Choice

In the Igbo pre-colonial period, the administration of the village were basically carried out by the --------- and the ---------

• Council of elders/ Village assembly.

• Women Association/ Council of elders

• Age Grade/Ozo title holders.

• Village Assembly/Ozo title holders.

Multiple Choice

_____ WAS THE HIGHEST TITLE

• OFO

• OZO

• OKPARA

• OBI

Multiple Choice

The Igbos are known for their weaved clothes called

• Akwuete

• Kente.

• Akwa-ocha

• Aso-oke.

Economic Activities of the Igbos

• Trade: Moving of goods and services. Traded palm oil, yam, maize,

  cassava etc.

• Local Crafts: Basket making, Tie and dye, Akwuete Weaved Clothes,

  pottery work. etc.

• Labour wages: Domestic, farm work or hard labour

• Agriculture – produces crops like corn, beans, pumpkins, cassava etc.

• Blacksmith: Manufacture gun, axe, hoes etc.

URHOBO

The Urhobo are a major ethnic group in Delta state, Nigeria. They are located in the Southern region, near the Niger Delta. They speak Urhobo language and their territorial neighbours are the Isoko, Itsekiri, Ijaw, Edo and Ukwuani people.

Multiple Choice

The Urhobo are a major ethnic group in _____ state

• Edo

• Abia

• Ekiti

• Delta

Multiple Choice

Which of these is NOT a neighbour of Urhobo

• Ijaw

• Ebira

• Itsekiri

• Isoko

Multiple Choice

The Urhobo people are in __________ region

• Northern

• Southern

• Western

• Eastern

Tradition of Origin

The tradition of origin identified Benin as their ancestor. It claimed that a Benin man was the father of Uwherun with his two brothers were the first to settle in eastern part of Niger Delta. From here Uwherun moved to establish a settlement called Urhobo clan.

Multiple Choice

The tradition of origin identified _______ as their ancestor.

• Benin

• Itsekiri

• Iduh

• Isoko

Multiple Choice

It claimed that a Benin man was the father of Uwherun with his two brothers were the first to settle in eastern part of Niger Delta.

• Urehun

• Uhwerun

• Uwherun

• Uhwerrun

Multiple Choice

Uwherun with his two brothers were the first to settle in eastern part of Niger Delta.

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

Socio-political Organisation of the Urhobo People

The Urhobo practised a decentralised system of government during the pre-colonial era. The people favoured leadership based on age and wealth. There were many clans (Ekpoto) in Urhobo land.

These clans were a group of people that were descendants of a common ancestor. The affairs of each clan were attended to by the Elder Council (called Eguare Okaoro). The council was made up of old men from each clan in the village and the head of the village was the Ovie. Each village (Orere) was made up of families. The age grade (Otu) played an important role in Urhobo land.

Multiple Choice

In urhobo, clan is called

• otu

• ovie

• orere

• ekpoto

Multiple Choice

The elder council was known as

• otu

• Eguare Okaoro

• ovie

• orere

Multiple Choice

The head of the town is

• Otu

• Ovie

• Ekpoto

• Orere

Multiple Choice

The age grade in Urhobo land in pre-colonial Nigeria was called the

• Otu

• Ovie

• Orere

• Ofu

Multiple Choice

The following are neighbours of the Urhobo people except

• Oro.

• Itsekiri.

• Ukwuani.

• Isoko.

Multiple Choice

The Urhobo people can be found mainly in

• Cross river State.

• Edo State.

• Rivers State.

• Delta State.

Multiple Choice

One of the following is not a territorial neighbor of the Urhobo people.

• Benin

• Ijaw.

• Itsekiri.

• Anang

Multiple Choice

The head of the village in Urhobo land was called

• Obi.

• Ovie.

• Obong

• Olu

Multiple Choice

One of the following is not a territorial neighbor of the Urhobo people.

• Benin

• Ijaw.

• Itsekiri.

• Anang

IJO (IJAW)

The IJO are indigenous to the present day Ondo, Bayelsa, Delta, Rivers, Akwa Ibom and some parts of Edo state of Nigeria. Their language is synonymous with their name, Ijo.

Multiple Choice

Today, the Ijaw can be found in all these states except

• Rivers.

• Delta.

• Oyo.

• Bayelsa

Tradition of Origin

According to History, the Ijaw like many other tribes, had many traditions of origin. The first being that three men were involved. These were Olodia, Onyo and Obolo. They were said to have come from Benin.

The second set of immigrants were led by Ogidiga, who was a

descendant of Ginuwa, the founder of the Itsekiri.

Another version of the origin of the Ijaw linked it to some Nembe

rulers.

Multiple Choice

According to History, the Ijaw like many other tribes, had many

traditions of origin. The first being that ______ men were involved.

• two

• three

• four

• five

Multiple Choice

Which of these were not one of the men

• Obolo

• Onyo

• Olobo

• Olodia

Multiple Choice

They were said to have come from _____

• benin

• delta

• imo

• ondo

Multiple Choice

The second set of immigrants were led by Ogidiga, who was a

descendant of Ginuwa, the founder of the

• Ijaw

• Itsekiri

• Benin

• Oyo

Socio-political Organisation of the Ijo (Ijaw) People

The pre-colonial political system of administration of Ijo (Ijaw) was highly decentralised. Many quarters made up a village. Each quarter was made up of extended families, each family lived in a compound. In each compound, there was a man, wives and children, when the sons are grown, marry and live with their families in the same compound.

The oldest man was automatically the head of the village. There was a village council (Amagula). The council was responsible for governing the village. The spokesman (Ogulasuowei) performed the executive duties of the village council.

Multiple Choice

In the pre-colonial socio-political organisation of the Ijaw people, the spokesman was known as

• Eguare Okaoro.

• Ogulasuowei.

• Ovie

• Amagula

Multiple Choice

Ijaw can also be spelt as

• Ijo.

• Idah.

• Ijaw.

• Ijah.

Multiple Choice

The village council of the Ijaw community was known as

• Ojoye

• Ogulasuowei

• Amagula

• Eguare Okaoro.

Economic Activities of the Ijo people

The Ijo are referred to as the ‘water people’ due to their geographical

location, religious and traditional beliefs. Fishing was and is still one of

their major occupations along with other forms of agriculture.

Multiple Choice

--------- people are referred to as the ‘water people’ due to their geographical location, religious and traditional beliefs?

• Itsekiri

• Nupe

• Ijaw

• Urhobo

Multiple Choice

Today, the Ijaw can be found in all these states except

• Rivers.

• Delta.

• Oyo.

• Bayelsa

Oro (Oron)

As at 2370 B.C, the Oro (Oron) settled in their present day location and are now part of Akwa Ibom and Cross River states, Nigeria. The Oro

(Oron) speak Oron as their language. They are popularly called Oro Ukpabang or Akpakip Oro.

Multiple Choice

The Oro are found in present day -------- and -------- states of Nigeria?

• Akwa Ibom/Benue

• Delta/Edo

• Akwa Ibom/Cross River

• Kogi/Cross River

Fill in the Blank

the Oro (Oron) settled in their present day location and are now part of ______- state(name only one and correct spelling)

Open Ended

They are popularly called(correct spelling and write any)

Tradition of Origin

Oron like some other ethnic groups in Pre-colonial Nigeria did not have a dependable history to trace its origin. It is believed that it had settled in the present location by 2370BC, after the Noah’s deluge.

However, Oron folklore revealed that Abang a great wrestler in Oron was overpowered by slave traders and was sent to Egypt. He escaped from Egypt and found his way back to Oron having established his presence in Cameroun.

Multiple Choice

It is believed that it had settled in the present location by _________, after

the Noah’s deluge.

• 2470AD

• 2470BC

• 2370AD

• 2370BC

Multiple Choice

However, Oron folklore revealed that __________, a great wrestler in Oron was overpowered by slave traders and was sent to Egypt.

• Anang

• Abang

• Akang

• Afang

Socio-political Organisation of the Oro (Oron) People

During pre-colonial era, their community was divided into clans and

each clan had a male head who ensured that law and order was

maintained. Examples of such clans are: Afaha Okpo, Afaha Ukwong,

Afaha Ibighi, Afaha Ubodung, Afaha Oki-uso, Afaha Idua (Ilue), Effiat,

Ebughu and Etta.

They also had traditional cults and societies for the maintenance and

continuity of their native customs and traditions.

Economic Activities of the Oro (Oron) people

Oro (Oron) land is surrounded by water, thus making fishing their major occupation.

Multiple Choice

--------- is the major occupation of the Oro people.

• Salt making

• Fishing

• Basket making

• Palm oil production

IBIBIO

Ibibio people are said to be the earliest inhabitant of the south-eastern Nigeria. They are related to the Anang and Efik people. They speak Ibibio or Kwa language.

Multiple Choice

the ibibio are found in _____ geo-political zone

• north-west

• north-east

• south-west

• south-east

Multiple Choice

The Ibibio people are related to the ------ and ------ people.

• Calabar/ Akoko

• Anang/Edo

• Itsekiri/ Ijaw

• Anang /Efik

Multiple Choice

The Ibibio speak Ibibio or ---- language.

• Ikwere

• Kwa

• Ekoi

• Efik

Tradition of origin

The traditions of origin of the Ibibio like some other ethnic groups in Nigeria are not clear because of reports of different versions.

A version of the tradition of origin had it that the Ibibio came from a place called Ibom. Their legend story of origin that they first settled in a location between Arochukwu in the North, Ika in the West and Oron in the South. From this location, they later migrated to Uyo and Abak.

Another tradition of origin had it that the Old Calabar was the home of the early Ibibio settlers that settled at the mouth of Calabar river. By the 13th century, the Ibibio spread out to establish other settlements.

Even though the Ibibio have affinity with the Efik in terms of language and culture, they have been able to maintain their tribal identitiy.

Multiple Choice

A version of the tradition of origin had it that the Ibibio came from a

place called ______

• ibo

• awka

• ibom

• efik

Multiple Choice

Their legend story of origin that they first settled in a location between ________ in the North

• Ika

• Oron

• Arochukwu

• Abak

Socio-political Organisation of the Ibibio People

The pre-colonial administration of the Ibibio was highly decentralised. There were communities with large families who were related by blood. Each of these big families was ruled by the head (Ikpaisong). The collection of all family heads was called the Mbong Ekpuk. The Mbong Ekpuk with other heads of societies and cults made up the Asan, Afe or Esop Ikpaisong. This was the traditional council and they were saddled with the responsibility of governing the people. Ekpe society is a significant part of the Ibibio political system

The Ekpo or Obon enforced the decisions and orders of the traditional council and also acted as the military and police of the communities.

The members of the Ekpo or Obon group were able to enforce the decisions of the traditional council because they were always masked

when performing their duties and this made their identities unknown.

Multiple Choice

Each family was ruled by a head called _____

• Mbong Ekpuk

• Ikpaisong

• Esop Ikpaisong

• Ekpo

Multiple Choice

The collection of all family heads was called the _____

• Mbong Ekpuk

• Asan

• Esop Ikpaisong

• Ekpo

Multiple Choice

The Mbong Ekpuk with other heads of societies and cults made up the(there are 3 names for it so pick the one that isnt the actual name)

• Obon

• Ekpo

• Obong

• Esop Ikpaisong.

Multiple Choice

------- or -------- acted as the military and police groups of the Ibibio community?

• Ekpe or Obong

• Akwa or Mba Tsav

• Ekpo or Ekpe

• Ekpo or Obon

Multiple Choice

------- or -------- acted as the military and police groups of the Ibibio community?

• Ekpe or Obong

• Akwa or Mba Tsav

• Ekpo or Ekpe

• Ekpo or Obon

Economic Activities of the Ibibio People

The Ibibio people were and are still fishermen and traders.

Anang

Anang people occupy the south-south region of Nigeria. They are natives of Akwa Ibom and Cross River states, Nigeria. They speak Anang language.

Multiple Choice

The Anang people occupy -------- geo-political zone of Nigeria?

• South-east

• North-central

• South-west

• South-south

Traditions of origin

Anang people were believed to have originated from Egypt. Their movement from Egypt started in 7500BC. They first settled in Ghana

before finally settling in their present place.

Another oral tradition of their history said that their ancestors were Israelites who settled in Egypt.

It is believed that the Anang were products of marriages between the Egyptians and the Israelites. They later migrated to their present

location in Nigeria.