Evolution

Diversity of Life

• Evolution

• Phylogenetic tree
• Nodes

• 3 Domains

Taxonomic hierarchy

27

Multiple Choice

The organism with the highest fitness is:

• An animal that lives 2 years and produces 10 offspring per year.

• An animal that lives 10 years and produces 10 offspring per year.

• An animal that lives 10 years and produces 2 offspring per year.

• An animal that lives one year and produces 10 offspring total.

Multiple Choice

The diagram shows fossils in different rock layers. Which of these statements about the age of these fossils is most likely correct?

• Fossil A and C are the same age
  
• Fossil B is older than fossil C
• Fossils A is older than fossil B
• Fossil D is older than fossil C

Multiple Choice

Whales are aquatic mammals that contain a pelvis bone.  Even though it does not aid in its movement, the function must have been used by a common ancestor of the whale.  Thus, the pelvis is referred to as a(n)

• vestigial structure
• analogous structure
• homologous structure

Multiple Choice

What is biological evolution?

• the process of direct observation of the fossil record

• adaptations to common descent over time

• the unchanging nature of life on Earth

• change in the inherited characteristics of a group of organisms over generations

Multiple Choice

Structures with the same parts have different functions; suggests that organisms share a common ancestry

• vestigial structures
• homologous structures
• adaptive radiation
• fossil

Multiple Choice

Fins that look similar on the outside but contain different structures inside formed

• from a common ancestor
• independently in similar habitats 
• at the same time and place
• from a close relative

Multiple Choice

What is the study of the distribution of species in geographic space and through time?

• Embryology
• Biogeography
• Biogeology
• Speciology

Formation of new species

•Species: a group of organisms that can interbreed and produce viable, fertile offspring

•Hybrid: a cross between two species

•Gene pool: a collection of all the variants of genes in a species

Speciation

• The formation of 2 species from one original species

Multiple Choice

Some female peacocks prefer males with large, colorful tales while other female peacocks prefer males with no tail at all. Females are beginning to only mate with the type of males with the tail they prefer. What type of reproductive barrier is this?

• behavioral isolation
• hybrid sterility 
• temporal isolation
• mechanical isolation 

Multiple Choice

The flowers of pink tulips open in the morning, while the flowers of lavender tulips open in the early afternoon. The bees that pollinate these tulips cannot carry pollen back & forth between the two types of tulips because of their flowers being closed at different times of day. What type of reproductive barrier is this?

• behavioral isolation
• hybrid sterility 
• temporal isolation
• mechanical isolation 

Multiple Choice

isolation that operates after fertilization has occurred to ensure that the resulting hybrid remains infertile ​

• reproductive isolation

• prezygotic isolation

• postzygotic isolation