Body Systems

Body Systems Overview

CHS Forensics

What are body systems?

• Body systems are groups of like tissues and organs that work together to carry out like functions within the human body.

There are 11 main body systems in our bodies. To remeber, we use L NERD CRIMES

Lymphatic System

Nervous System

Endocrine System

Respiratory System

Digestive System

Cardiovascular System

Reproductive System

Integumentary System

Muscular System

Excretory System

Skeletal System

Lymphatic System

• Includes lymph nodes, thymus and spleen.

• The primary function of the lymphatic system is to transport lymph, a fluid containing infection-fighting white blood cells, throughout the body.

Nervous System

• Includes brain, neurons,nerves and spinal cord

• It is the network of nerve cells and fibers which transmits nerve impulses between parts of the body.

• Helps us interact with the world and react/respond to stimuli.

• Main control center, including autonomic (involuntary responses) and voluntary responses.parasympathetic and sympathetic

• Also includes our parasympathetic (digestion and rest controls) and sympathetic (hormonal response, fight or flight response)

Endocrine System

• Hypothalamus acts as the CEO and pituitary gland, thyroid and parathyroid in the neck, adrenal, pancreas, pineal gland, testes, ovaries.

• Serves as the chemical messenger system comprising feedback loops of the hormones released by internal glands of an organism directly into the circulatory system, regulating distant target organs.

• Responsible for hormonal control, growth control, metabolism, and ovulation/

Reproductive System

• Includes the ovaries, uterus, testicles and gonad

• Aides in the reproduction, as well as stimulating physical maturity especially in males.

Digestive System

• Includes tongue, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestine.

• The digestive system involves the breakdown of food into smaller and smaller components, until they can be absorbed and assimilated into the body.

Multiple Choice

This system is responsible for all hormonal responses in the body.

• Adrenal System

• Digestive System

• Endocrine System

• Nervous System

Multiple Choice

This system is responsible for breaking food down into smaller and smaller components until they can be absorbed or assimulated into the body.

• Nervous System

• Digestive System

• Lymphatic System

• Endocrine System

Multiple Choice

The lymph nodes and thymus belong to the _____ system.

• nervous

• endocrine

• digestive

• lymphatic

Multiple Choice

The part of the nervous system responsible for involuntary and regulatory control, like our breathing, sleeping and blinking, is called the __________ system.

• sympathetic

• parasympathetic

Cardiovascular System

• Includes the arteries, veins, capillaries and heart.

• Sometimes referred to as the circulatory system since it acts as a closed chain in mammals.

• It permits blood to circulate and transport nutrients (such as amino acids and electrolytes), oxygen, carbon dioxide, hormones, and blood cells to and from the cells in the body

• Helps provide nourishment and aides in fighting diseases, stabilize temperature and pH, and maintain homeostasis.

• Fun Fact: If you took all the blood vessels out of an average child and laid them out in one line, the line would stretch over 60,000 miles. An adult's would be closer to 100,000 miles long. That is almost halfway from here to the moon!

Respiratory System

• Includes the lungs, airway, trachea and blood vessles and diaphram.

• Aides in gas exchange in the body, delivering fresh oxygen to the blood and disposing toxic carbon dioxide from the body.

Integumentary System

• Includes the skin, hair, nails and exocrine glands

• Skin forms the body’s outer covering and forms a barrier to protect the body from chemicals, disease, UV light, and physical damage.

• The exocrine glands of the integumentary system produce sweat, oil, and wax to cool, protect, and moisturize the skin’s surface.

• Hair and nails extend from the skin to reinforce the skin and protect it from environmental damage.

• Fun fact: The skin is only a few millimeters thick yet is by far the largest organ in the body. The average person’s skin weighs 10 pounds and has a surface area of almost 20 square feet.

Muscular System

• Includes all of the muscles, ligaments and tendons

• Responsible for the movement of the human body. Attached to the bones of the skeletal system are about 700 named muscles that make up roughly half of a person’s body weight.

• There are three types of muscle tissue:

• Visceral: found in the stomach and intestines

• Cardiac: found only in the heart, lined with electrical neuro-censors that work with the parasympathetic nervous system

• Skeletal: found in muscles, used for voluntary movements

Excretory System

• Consists of the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra.

• The kidneys filter the blood to remove wastes and produce urine.

• The ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra together form the urinary tract, which acts as a plumbing system to drain urine from the kidneys, store it, and then release it during urination. 

• Besides filtering and eliminating wastes from the body, the urinary system also maintains the homeostasis of water, ions, pH, blood pressure, calcium and red blood cells.

Skeletal System

• Includes all of the bones and joints in the body. 

• The skeleton acts as a scaffold by providing support and protection for the soft tissues that make up the rest of the body.

• The skeletal system also provides attachment points for muscles to allow movements at the joints.

• New blood cells are produced by the red bone marrow inside of our bones. Bones act as the body’s warehouse for calcium, iron, and energy in the form of fat.

Multiple Choice

This system is responsible for filtering the blood and maintaining homeostasis of water, calcium and electrons in the body.

• Cardiovascular system

• Respiratory System

• Endocrine System

• Excretory System

Multiple Choice

This system contains the skin, hair, nails and exocrine glands.

• Muscular system

• Skeletal system

• Integumentary system

• Lymphatic system

Multiple Choice

This system contains over 200 bones and involves all of the joints in the body.

• Skeletal system

• Muscular system

• Endocrine system

• Lymphatic system

Multiple Choice

The lungs, airway and trachea are all parts of the ____ system.

• lymphatic

• integumentary

• respiratory

• excretory

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