Rocks and the Rock Cycle

Rocks and the Rock Cycle

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Rocks

• A(n) rock is a natural, solid mixture of minerals or particles.

• Grains are the fragments that make up rocks.

• A rock can be classified according to the size, shape, and chemical composition of its grains.

• Geologists classify rocks according to their composition and their texture.

• The size of grains in a rock and the way the grains fit together are called the texture of the rock.

• Texture also can be used to determine the environment in which a rock formed.

Rocks (con't)

• The material that makes up a rock is called the rock’s composition.

• The composition of a rock can be used to determine where the rock formed.

• Composition can also determine the conditions that existed when the rock formed.

Three Major Rock Types

• Igneous rocks form when magma or lava cools and crystallizes.

• Molten or liquid rock material below Earth’s surface is called magma.

• When molten rock erupts on Earth’s surface, it is called lava.

Multiple Select

Are you still here?

• Yes

• No

Three Major Types

• Sedimentary rocks form where sediment is deposited.

• Forces such as wind, running water, ice, and gravity cause rocks to break down.

Multiple Choice

Every answers right don't stress!

• Yellow is banana

• Blue is sky

• Green is grass

• Why is that cat here

Three Major Types

• Sediment is rock material that forms where rocks are broken down into smaller pieces or dissolve in water as rocks erode.

• Sediment can be transported to new environments where they are deposited and form sedimentary rock.

Multiple Choice

Pick C as fast as you can!

• C

• B

• A

• D

• When rocks are exposed to extreme temperatures and pressure or the addition of chemical fluids, metamorphic rocks result.

• The minerals that make up the rock’s composition can change as well as the texture, or arrangement of the individual mineral grains.

Multiple Choice

Which type of rock is associated with layers, compaction, cementation, erosion and weathering?

• Igneous

• Sedimentary

• Metamorphic

• and roll

• In many cases, the change is so intense that the arrangement of the grains appears as bent or twisted layers.

• Metamorphic rocks form from igneous, sedimentary or other metamorphic rocks.

Multiple Select

Which words are associated with metamorphic rock?

• magma

• heat

• layers

• pressure

• erosion

• The series of processes that change one type of rock into another type of rock is called the rock cycle.

• Some processes of the rock cycle occur only beneath Earth’s surface, such as those associated with extreme temperature, pressure, and melting.

• Uplift is a tectonic process that forces rocks onto Earth’s surface.